Histopathology of gills of Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887) and Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836) infested by monogenean and myxosporea, caugth in Aquidauana River, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Abstract

A histological analysis was conducted on the gills of 15 Piaractus mesopotamicus and 19 Prochilodus lineatus specimens collected between April and November 2004 from the Aquidauana River, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Central-West Brazil, to describe the anatomopathological characteristics of the gills of these freshwater fish. Gill samples were fixated in 10% buffered formalin and processed following histological routine procedures. The histological examination of the gills of P. mesopotamicus revealed intralamellar monogenean and mixosporean cysts of Henneguya piaractus at several developmental stages over the entire (basal, median and distal) lamella. Intraepithelial cysts caused lamella dilation and deformity of adjacent lamellae. In P. lineatus gills, monogenean cysts were detected. In both host species, hyperplasia of the gill epithelium and structural disorganization of secondary lamellae was seen diffusely in the gills, leading to fused lamellae in the gills. In few cases, there was found mononuclear inflammatory cells and hemorrhagic focal points distally in the lamellae.

Surtos de infecção por Piscinoodinium pillulare e Henneguya spp. em pacus (Piaractus mesopotamicus) criados intensivamente no Sudoeste de Goiás

“…já foram diagnosticadas em outras espécies de peixes no Brasil, como Prochilodus lineatus (curimbatá) (Campos et al 2011), Leporinus macrocephalus (piauçú) (Martins et al 1999, Tavares-Dias et al 2001a, Pseudoplatystoma corruscans (pintado) (Eiras et al 2009), Cyphocharax nagelli (saguiru) (Martins & Onaka 2006), Cyprinus carpio (carpa) (Schalch & Moraes 2005), Oreochromis niloticus (tilápia) (Martins et al 2001), Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui) (Schalch & Moraes 2005) e híbrido tambacu (cruzamento de fêmea de C. macropomum com macho de P. mesopotamicus) (Martins et al 2002). P. pillulare também já foi detectado parasitando as brânquias de peixes ornamentais amazônicos, como Carnegiella martae (peixe borboleta) (Tavares-Dias et al 2010).…”

“…P. pillulare também já foi detectado parasitando as brânquias de peixes ornamentais amazônicos, como Carnegiella martae (peixe borboleta) (Tavares-Dias et al 2010). Esses parasitas já foram identiϐicados infectando peixes criados em pisciculturas comerciais (Martins et al 1999, 2001, Naldoni et al 2009), mantidos em "pesque-pague" (Tavares-Dias et al 2001a,b, Schalch & Moraes 2005, Schalch et al 2006) ou em rios brasileiros (Martins & Onaka 2006, Eiras et al 2009, Tavares--Dias et al 2010, Campos et al 2011. Essas infecções já foram registradas em várias localidades brasileiras, como a região amazônica (Tavares-Dias et al 2010) e os estados de São Paulo (Martins et al 1997(Martins et al , 1999(Martins et al , 2001, Tavares No presente surto, os sinais clínicos e as lesões detectadas nas avaliações macro e microscópica das infecções por P. pillulare e Henneguya spp.…”

“…Em algumas infecções mistas por P. pillulare e Henneguya spp. em peixes, podem não ocorrer alterações macroscó-picas (Campos et al 2011). No presente estudo, a morte dos peixes foi atribuída à insuϐiciência respiratória, devido ao comprometimento grave das brânquias e a procura dos peixes afetados por fontes de oxigênio nos tanques.…”

Myxosporidiosis in intensively-reared Piaractus mesopotamicus: Histopathological diagnosis by means of Ziehl-Neelsen staining

“…Currently, these parasites are identiϐied under the microscope by means of Giemsa staining (Meyers et al 1977) and with Lugol's solution and May-Grünwald-Giemsa staining for observations on fresh specimens; while for histopathological examination, hematoxylin-eosin staining is used. These techniques together make it possible to view plasmodia and spores and determine morphometric parameters (Martins et al 2000, Tavares-Dias et al 2001, Schalch & Moraes, 2005, Campos et al 2008, 2011. According to Lom & Noble (1984), identiϐication of these parasites is based on the morphology of the spores, with emphasis on the morphology and morphometry of the polar capsules and on aspects of the ϐlagella.…”

Parasitism by Monogenoidea in Piaractus mesopotamicus (Characiformes, Characidae) cultivated in Paraná River (Brazil)

“…Some species have detrimental effects on both wild and farmed fish populations, causing important economic damage (Fannes et al 2015). Several authors have studied monogenoideans in P. mesopotamicus: to date, parasitological Eiras et al, 1995;Kohn and Cohen, 1998;Martins et al, 2002a;Pamplona-Basilio et al, 2001;Schalch et al, 2006;Lizama et al, 2007;Kohn, 2005, 2009;Franceschini et al, 2013), histopathological (Martins and Romero, 1996;Campos et al, 2011;Tavares-Dias et al, 2002;Jerônimo et al, 2014), morphological (Boeger et al, 1995;Souza et al, 2000;Cohen and Kohn, 2008;Leão et al, 2015), pathological (Tavares-Dias et al, 2000), hemathological Tavares-Dias et al, 2002 and terapeutic (Martins, 1998;Martins et al, 2000Martins et al, , 2002bTavares-Dias et al, 2002;Onaka et al, 2003;Belo et al, 2005;Schalch et al, 2006;Cruz et al, 2008;Fujimoto et al, 2010;Figueiredo et al, 2011;Carraschi et al, 2014) studies were conducted. The first monogenoidean found in "pacus" was Anacanthorus penilabiatus Boeger, Husack and Martins, 1995, described in the state of São Paulo and posteriorly reported by Martins et al (2000) in the same region.…”