Exercise and cognitive functions in Parkinson's disease: Gender differences and disease severity

Teixeira-Arroyo, Claudia; Rinaldi, Natália Madalena; Batistela, Rosangela Alice; Barbieri, Fábio Augusto; Vitório, Rodrigo; Gobbi, Lilian Teresa Bucken

doi:10.1590/s1980-65742014000400014

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…These factors could also represent novel therapeutic targets that address unmet clinical needs for more effective treatment of the cognitive and mnemonic deficits in PD ( 19 , 20 , 22 ). This study was stimulated by findings suggesting that biological sex and/or sex hormones are among the factors that influence episodic memory function in PD ( 60 – 62 ) and used a preclinical PD model to investigate this further. Specifically, partial, bilateral neostriatal 6-OHDA dopamine lesions in female and male rats were paired with classical methods of hormone monitoring and manipulation and with behavioral testing using the WWWhen Episodic-Like Memory task.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although less intensively studied, consensus findings also link male gender to increased risk for developing PD-related cognitive dysfunction and dementia ( 5 , 6 , 58 – 60 , 134 ). Episodic memory deficits have also been shown to be more common, and to worsen more rapidly in males ( 60 ) and to respond better to multimodal exercise interventions in females ( 61 , 62 ). Thus, similar to what has been more firmly established for aging, Alzheimer's disease, and schizophrenia ( 50 – 55 , 57 ), there are reasons to suspect that biological sex and sex hormones also influence episodic memory dysfunction in PD in potentially therapeutic ways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, sex differences also mark the incidence and severity of episodic memory deficits seen during cognitive aging ( 47 , 50 , 51 ) in schizophrenia ( 52 , 53 ) and in Alzheimer's disease ( 54 – 57 ). Finally, although less studied than motor features, there is clear evidence for sex differences in cognitive impairment in PD ( 5 , 6 , 58 , 59 ) including data showing that episodic memory deficits are more common and worsen more rapidly in males ( 60 ) and respond better to multimodal exercise interventions in females ( 61 , 62 ). To date, however, there have been no studies that take advantage of preclinical animal models to more precisely determine whether and how biological sex and sex hormones influence episodic memory in PD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological Sex and Sex Hormone Impacts on Deficits in Episodic-Like Memory in a Rat Model of Early, Pre-motor Stages of Parkinson's Disease

et al. 2020

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Episodic memory deficits are among the earliest appearing and most commonly occurring examples of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD). These enduring features can also predict a clinical course of rapid motor decline, significant cognitive deterioration, and the development of PD-related dementia. The lack of effective means to treat these deficits underscores the need to better understand their neurobiological bases. The prominent sex differences that characterize episodic memory in health, aging and in schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease suggest that neuroendocrine factors may also influence episodic memory dysfunction in PD. However, while sex differences have been well-documented for many facets of PD, sex differences in, and sex hormone influences on associated episodic memory impairments have been less extensively studied and have never been examined in preclinical PD models. Accordingly, we paired bilateral neostriatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions with behavioral testing using the What-Where-When Episodic-Like Memory (ELM) Task in adult rats to first determine whether episodic-like memory is impaired in this model. We further compared outcomes in gonadally intact female and male subjects, and in male rats that had undergone gonadectomy-with and without hormone replacement, to determine whether biological sex and/or sex hormones influenced the expression of dopamine lesioned-induced memory deficits. These studies showed that 6-OHDA lesions profoundly impaired recall for all memory domains in male and female rats. They also showed that in males, circulating gonadal hormones powerfully modulated the negative impacts of 6-OHDA lesions on What, Where, and When discriminations in domain-specific ways. Specifically, the absence of androgens was shown to fully attenuate 6-OHDA lesion-induced deficits in ELM for "Where" and to partially protect against lesion-induced deficits in ELM for "What." In sum, these findings show that 6-OHDA lesions in rats recapitulate the vulnerability of episodic memory seen in early PD. Together with similar evidence recently obtained for spatial working memory, the present findings also showed that diminished androgen levels provide powerful, highly selective protections against the harmful effects that 6-OHDA lesions have on memory functions in male rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological Sex and Sex Hormone Impacts on Deficits in Episodic-Like Memory in a Rat Model of Early, Pre-motor Stages of Parkinson's Disease

et al. 2020

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“…First, we used a sample of only young adult males. Research has shown that men and women have different exercise motivations, attitudes towards video gaming (Graf, Pratt, Hester, & Short, 2009) and also cognitive functions (Teixeira-Arroyo et al, 2014). These differences may result in different exercise intensities during game play and subsequently different changes in peak workload and aerobic capacity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving aerobic capacity through active videogames: A randomized controlled trial

Gomes

Perrier-Melo

Wikstrom³

et al. 2015

Motriz: rev. educ. fis.

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Abstract--The rate of peak workload improvement between different types of Active Video Games (AVG) in young sedentary adults was investigated. Aerobic capacity improvement after a 6-week intervention between AVG types was also compared. Twenty participants, after baseline assessments, were randomized into one of three parallel groups: structured AVG (n = 6), unstructured AVG (n = 7) and a control group (n = 7). Participants played their respective AVG 3 times a week for 6-weeks (30 minutes-session). The control group maintained normal activities. Both structured and unstructured AVG improved peak workload after four weeks but only the structured group maintained this improvement through week five and six. Aerobic capacity improved in the unstructured (Pre: 36.0 ± 5.2ml.kg.min-¹,Post: 39.7 ± 4.9ml.kg.min-¹, p = .038) and structured AVG (Pre: 39.0 ± 5.9ml.kg.min-¹,Post: 47.8 ± 4.3ml.kg.min-¹, p = .006) groups. Structured AVG provide greater health benefits to aerobic capacity and peak workload in young sedentary but otherwise healthy males relative to unstructured AVG. Keywords: exercise, videogames, physical fitnessResumo--"Melhora da capacidade aeróbica através de videogames ativos: Um estudo controlado randomizado." A velocidade de aparecimento de melhoria de potência de diferentes tipos de Video Games Ativos (VGA) em adultos jovens foi investigada. A melhora da capacidade aeróbia após uma intervenção de 6 semanas de diferentes VGAs também foi comparada. Vinte participantes após avaliações iniciais foram divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos paralelos: VGA estruturado (n = 6), o VGA não estruturados (n = 7) e um grupo controle (n = 7). Os participantes realizaram suas respectivas 3 vezes por semana de VGA durante 6 semanas (30 minutos por sessão). O grupo controle manteve suas atividades normais. Ambos estruturado e não estruturado melhoram a potência depois de quatro semanas, mas somente o grupo estruturado manteve esta melhoria nas semanas cinco e seis. A capacidade aeróbica foi melhorada tanto no VGA não-estruturado (Pre: 36,0 ± 5,2ml.kg.min-¹, Post: 39,7 ± 4,9 ml.kg.min-¹, p = 0,038) e estruturado (Pre: 39,0 ± 5,9ml.kg.min-¹,Post: 47,8 ± 4,3ml.kg.min-¹, p = 0,006). O VGA estruturado proporcionou maiores benefícios na saúde da capacidade aeróbica e a potência em homens jovens sedentários, em relação ao VGA não-estruturado. Palavras-chave: exercício, video games, treinamento físicoResumen--"Mejora en la capacidad aeróbica a través de juegos de vídeo activos: un estudio controlado seleccionado al azar." La tasa de mejoría mayor volumen de trabajo entre los diferentes tipos de Juegos de Video Activos (VJA) en jóvenes adultos sedentarios fue investigado. Mejoras de la capacidad aeróbica después de una intervención de 6 semanas entre los tipos de AVG también se comparó. Veinte participantes, después de evaluaciones de referencia, fueron aleatorizados en uno de tres grupos paralelos: VJA estructurado (n = 6), VJA no estructurada (n = 7) y un grupo control (n = 7). Los participantes jugaron sus respectivos VJA 3...

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“…Persons with PD are reported to be 29% less active than healthy individuals (van Nimwegen et al, 2011), and physical inactivity might initiate a cycle of deconditioning and disability, independent of latent disease processes, and might worsen various motor and nonmotor symptoms that are affected by PD (van Nimwegen et al, 2011). Studies show that physical activity has positive effects on physical functions, strength, balance, walking speed, and health-related quality of life in people with PD (Goodwin et al, 2008;Lauze, Daneault, and Duval, 2016), but to our knowledge only a few studies have investigated whether the effects of varying levels of physical activity differ between men and women with PD (Orcioli-Silva et al, 2014;Teixeira-Arroyo et al, 2014). After a multimodal exercise program, men showed more benefits than women (Orcioli-Silva et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors explaining physical activity level in Parkinson´s disease: A gender focus

Urell

Zetterberg

Hellström

et al. 2019

Physiotherapy Theory and Practice

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Objective: To analyze the multivariate associations between self-rated level of physical activity and demographic characteristics, self-efficacy for physical activity, fall-related self-efficacy, fear of falling, enjoyment from participation in physical activity, social support, fatigue, and health-related quality of life in persons with PD with a focus on gender. Method: Participants were persons with PD (n = 285, mean age 69.1 ± 7 years). Self-reported scales measuring level of physical activity (Physical Activity Disability Survey-Revised), enjoyment of physical activity (study-specific questions), self-efficacy for physical activity (Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale), fallrelated self-efficacy (Falls Efficacy Scale), social support (Social Influences on Physical Activity), fatigue (Fatigue Severity Scale) and health-related quality of life (Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-39) were used. The response rate was 58.2%. Results: Multiple regression analyses showed that 54.5% of the level of physical activity was explained by low-degree limitations in mobility and activities of daily life (ADL), being younger, higher self-efficacy for physical activity, communication limitations, bodily discomfort, social support and shorter time since diagnosis. Enjoyment of physical activity explained the level of physical activity for women, whereas self-efficacy for physical activity explained the level of physical activity for men. Conclusion: Implementing strategies to increase functional mobility, self-efficacy for physical activity, social support, and enjoyment of physical activity might facilitate persons with PD beginning and/or maintain different physical activities.

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Exercise and cognitive functions in Parkinson's disease: Gender differences and disease severity

Cited by 5 publications

References 54 publications

Biological Sex and Sex Hormone Impacts on Deficits in Episodic-Like Memory in a Rat Model of Early, Pre-motor Stages of Parkinson's Disease

Biological Sex and Sex Hormone Impacts on Deficits in Episodic-Like Memory in a Rat Model of Early, Pre-motor Stages of Parkinson's Disease

Improving aerobic capacity through active videogames: A randomized controlled trial

Factors explaining physical activity level in Parkinson´s disease: A gender focus

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