2011
DOI: 10.1590/s1808-86942011000400020
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Abstract: Acqui red middle ear cholesteatoma is a disease which promotes bone erosion resulting in potentially serious complications. The tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is present in cholesteatoma and it is related to bone erosion, as shown by different authors. To understand the aggressiveness characteristics of cholesteatoma is necessary, however, to better address the presence and distribution of their receptors. Objective:To evaluate the expression of type 2 TNF-α receptor (TNF-R2) in fragments of cholesteatoma… Show more

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Cited by 9 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…A number of authors have studied the role of TNF-a and related cytokines in cholesteatoma. 2,5,[10][11][12] They have found that higher concentrations of TNF-a are present in cholesteatoma than in control external auditory canal skin, that patients with cholesteatoma have higher serum concentrations of TNF-a than those without cholesteatoma, and that TNF-a concentration in cholesteatomas correlates with degree of bony resorption. TNF-a has also been strongly linked to bone resorption in other disease states, and treatment with infliximab has been shown to decrease this in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and spondylarthropathy.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A number of authors have studied the role of TNF-a and related cytokines in cholesteatoma. 2,5,[10][11][12] They have found that higher concentrations of TNF-a are present in cholesteatoma than in control external auditory canal skin, that patients with cholesteatoma have higher serum concentrations of TNF-a than those without cholesteatoma, and that TNF-a concentration in cholesteatomas correlates with degree of bony resorption. TNF-a has also been strongly linked to bone resorption in other disease states, and treatment with infliximab has been shown to decrease this in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and spondylarthropathy.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, this phenomenon is restricted to the rare cases of disturbed self-cleaning of keratinocytes, while normal migration of the squamous epithelium from the basal layers to the surface occurs in healthy individuals. Initially occuring 'micro-cholesteatomas' show confluence to the macroscopic cholesteatoma [61], which in turn leads to bone erosions [68] (Figure 1).…”
Section: Macroscopic Findingsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hyperproliferation markers include Cytokeratin 16 (CK16), antigen Ki-67 and Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA), which are overexpressed in the annulus tympanicus, adjacent meatus and tympanic regions [71]. The inflammation-driven epithelial proliferation is associated with an increased expression of lytic enzymes and cytokines including arachidonic acid, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule (ICAM), Receptor Activator Of Nuclear Factor Kappa-B Ligand (RANKL), Interleukin-1,-2 and -6 (IL-1, IL-2, IL-6), Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and -9 (MMP-2, MMP-9) as well as Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), which are partly induced by bacterial antigens [61,68,72] including endotoxins like lipopolysaccharides [67]. Increased proliferative activity of epithelial cells is associated with increased nuclear content in the basal cells of colesteatoma as the morpholocial correlate of basal hyperplasia, being particularly pronounced in areas of inflammatory infiltration [73].…”
Section: Micro-morphological and Immunological Aspectsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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