Petroleum Ether Extract of Cissus Quadrangularis (Linn.) Enhances Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation and Facilitates Osteoblastogenesis

Abstract

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of the petroleum ether extract of Cissus quadrangularis on the proliferation rate of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, the differentiation of marrow mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts (osteoblastogenesis) and extracellular matrix calcification. This study also aimed to determine the additive effect of osteogenic media and Cissus quadrangularis on proliferation, differentiation and calcification.METHODSMSCs were cultured in media with or without Cissus quadrangularis for 4 weeks and were then stained for alkaline phosphatase. Extracellular matrix calcification was confirmed by Von Kossa staining. marrow mesenchymal stem cells cultures in control media and osteogenic media supplemented with Cissus quadrangularis extract (100, 200, 300 μg/mL) were also subjected to a cell proliferation assay (MTT).RESULTSTreatment with 100, 200 or 300 μg/mL petroleum ether extract of Cissus quadrangularis enhanced the differentiation of marrow mesenchymal stem cells into ALP-positive osteoblasts and increased extracellular matrix calcification. Treatment with 300 μg/mL petroleum ether extract of Cissus quadrangularis also enhanced the proliferation rate of the marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Cells grown in osteogenic media containing Cissus quadrangularis exhibited higher proliferation, differentiation and calcification rates than did control cells.CONCLUSIONThe results suggest that Cissus quadrangularis stimulates osteoblastogenesis and can be used as preventive/ alternative natural medicine for bone diseases such as osteoporosis.

Effect of <i>Cissus quadrangularis</i> Linn on skeletal growth in the neonates of diabetic rats

“…35 Earlier Potu et al have shown that PECQ can increase the mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and subsequently their differentiation into osteoblasts. 36 In an in vitro study, the Gopalakrishnan et al have demonstrated the positive effect of synthetic estrogen on bone mineralization process in hyperglycemic conditions. 37 In an in vivo study synthetic estrogen significantly ameliorated the experimental diabetes-induced osteopenic changes in adult rats.…”

Ekspresi IL – 1β pada Proses Kesembuhan Fraktur Os Femur Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Ovariektomi yang Diterapi dengan Ekstrak Cikal Tulang (Cissus quadrangularis)

“…Selanjutnya MSC dirangsang untuk berdiferensiasi menjadi kondrosit dan osteoblas (Dimitriou et al, 2005;Schmidt-Bleek et al, 2009). (Parisuthiman et al, 2009;Potu et al, 2009;Sabri dkk., 2009;Shirwaikar et al, 2003;Deka et al, 1994). Namun demikian Pemilihan osteotomi pada daerah diafisis karena proses kesembuhan fraktur pada daerah tersebut cukup komplek baik secara selular maupun molekular dan berpotensi cukup besar untuk terjadinya delayed union dan non union terutama pada kasus osteoporosis (Nikolaou et al, 2009;Kyllönen et al, 2015).…”

“…Aksi raloksifen diperantarai oleh ikatan raloksifen pada reseptor estrogen (Cao et al,2002;Rosen, 2005;Kanakamani and Tandon, 2008). Cissus quadrangularis menekan ekspresi IL-1β selain dengan cara meningkatkan aktivitas osteoblas, juga mempunyai efek antimikrobial sehingga dapat menekan tingkat inflamasi (Potu et al, 2009).…”

Plant Products for Innovative Biomaterials in Dentistry

“…The extracts of C. quadrangularis stem showed anti-inflammatory properties [60][61][62] and were used in enhancing osteoblast proliferation, bone fracture healing, ossification of fetal bone and increasing the thickness of trabecular bone [63][64][65]. The exact molecular mechanism involved in C. quadrangularis-promoted osteogenesis is still to be elucidated, despite some mechanisms have been proposed.…”