Effect of incubation system on the development of intestinal villi, metabolism, and performance of one- to forty-day-old broiler chickens

Abstract

-An experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of the incubation system -multiple-stage (MS) and single-stage (SS) -on the characteristics at hatching, intestinal morphology, metabolism, and performance of Cobb-500 chickens from 1 to 40 d of age. A total of 1,968 fertile eggs were incubated in two setters under commercial conditions. Birds hatched in SS were longer than those hatched in MS, and the females had higher relative intestinal weight compared with males. However, at hatching, there were no differences in BW and yolk-free body mass from incubation system or sex. In the period from 1-40 d, the birds hatched in SS were heavier, had higher weight gain and better adjusted feed conversion, without differences in feed intake and feed conversion. This result is due mainly to MS females, which always, although in some periods only numerically, exhibited worse responses than the other treatment, lowering the average MS bird performance. Sex influenced the duodenal villi height in chickens at 0 d; females showed larger villi than males. Moreover, the birds hatched in SS had deeper crypts than those hatched in MS. At 7 d, because males had higher feed intake, the differences in duodenal villi height found at hatching disappeared, leaving only a gender effect on jejunum crypt depth: females showed deeper crypts. As regards the metabolism coefficients of nutrients from 5 to 7 d, females were more efficient in metabolizing energy and showed higher apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen values than males, with no differences caused by the incubation system. The best incubation conditions are obtained with the single-stage system, based on the improved broiler performance (2.98%), especially in the females (5.04%).

Effect of Incubator System and Strain on Productive Performance of Broilers

“…9, 20.5, 13.2 and 7.1 %, respectively as shown in Table 3. The results are harmony with those obtained by Silva et al; and Pacheco Villanueva et al; indicated that chicks hatched in (SS) setters showed higher daily weight gain in relation to those hatched in (MS) machines. While, (MS) was increased significantly (P< 0.05) only at 29-35 days of age by about 11.2% than (SS).…”

“…Araújo et al, (2016) concluded that both single stage and multi stage incubators provided adequate conditions for embryonic development. Pacheco Villanueva et al; found that during the growth period from 1-40 days, the broiler chicks hatched in (SS) setter were heavier, higher body weight gain and better adjusted feed conversion ratio, without differences in feed consumption compared with those hatched in (MS) machine. Also they noticed that the incubation conditions employed in the incubation system (SS) resulting in an improvement in broiler performance by about (2.98%).…”

“…Multi-stage incubator system (MS) set one or more loads of eggs per week. Therefore, lots of embryos at different stages of development are incubated in a single setter and is operated with average parameters of temperature, humidity, and ventilation, which partially satisfy the embryonic requirements (Pacheco Villanueva et al;. In (MS) incubators, older embryos transfer heat to younger embryos, they may also cause the increased growth rate of embryos leads to an increase in the metabolic heat production of the eggs, and it accumulates inside the setter (Barri et al, 2011).…”

Effect of probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri XC1 coexpressing endoglucanase and phytase on intestinal pH and morphology, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and serum biochemical indexes of broiler chickens

“…A total of 10 intact, well-oriented crypt-villus units from each cross-section were selected and analyzed using Image ProPlus software (Version 4.5.0.29, 2001). Measurement of the villus height and crypt depths was performed according to the method of Villanueva et al (2016).…”

Efeitos do tipo de incubação e da forma física da ração pré-inicial sobre o desenvolvimento intestinal de pintos de corte

“…As incubadoras de estágio único se caracterizam por receberem somente ovos em uma mesma fase de crescimento embrionário. Alguns autores, como Villanueva et al (2016) mostram que máquinas com essa característica são capazes de fornecer as condições climáticas ideais a todos os embriões, fazer um melhor controle sanitário, facilitar a limpeza das máquinas, já que todos os ovos são retirados em um mesmo momento. Por consequência, é capaz de melhorar vários índices produtivos.…”