Effect of laser phototherapy in the prevention and treatment of chemo-induced mucositis in hamsters

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of laser phototherapy (LPT) in the prevention and/or treatment of oral mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU; Eurofarma, São Paulo, Brazil) in hamsters. Ninety-six hamsters were divided into four groups (n = 24): Control (no treatment); Preventive [LPT from day (D) D−5 to D+5]; Therapeutic (LPT from D+5 to D+15); and Combined (preventive plus therapeutic LPT from D−5 to D+15). The animals received an intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU on Days 0 and 2. The pouch mucosa was scratched on Days 3 and 4. The irradiation parameters were: indium-gallium-aluminum-phosphide (InGaAlP) diode laser (MM Optics, São Carlos, Brazil) (660 nm), beam area of 0.036 cm², 40 mW, 1.11 W/cm², 6.6 J/cm², power density applied daily of 39.6 J/cm², in punctual mode (six points and six seconds per point) and contact mode, one application per day. The animals were sacrificed on Days 0, 5, 10 and 15 (n = 6) and weighed, and the pouch mucosa was removed for histopathological analysis. Clinical and corresponding histological scores were compared using ANOVA and Tukey's test (p ≤ 0.05). Similar weight losses ranging from 5% to 10% occurred in all groups. The therapeutic group had significantly lower clinical and histological scores than the other groups at Day 10. This study showed that positive effects on oral mucositis management were obtained only when LPT was applied in the therapeutic protocol (from D+5 to D+15 after chemotherapy).

Photobiomodulation reduces oral mucositis by modulating NF-kB

“…8,19 On days 3 (D+3) and 4 (D+4), the right buccal mucosa of each animal was scratched twice with the tip of a sterile needle, always by the same operator. 8,19 On days 3 (D+3) and 4 (D+4), the right buccal mucosa of each animal was scratched twice with the tip of a sterile needle, always by the same operator.…”

“…8,9 PBM has been proposed to exert antiinflammatory effects and control mucositis-associated pain. The inclusion of PBM in current oral mucositis guideline is based on several clinical evidences supporting the use for prevention and treatment of oral mucositis.…”

“…8,9 PBM has been proposed to exert antiinflammatory effects and control mucositis-associated pain. 6,17 In previous analyses 8,18 using an animal model, a positive effect of PBM was observed both in clinical and histopathological examinations compared with corticosteroid 8 and cryotherapy. [12][13][14][15][16] The use of PBM is safe without side effects.…”

Ketoprofen-loaded Eudragit electrospun nanofibers for the treatment of oral mucositis

“…In addition, these complications may lead to prolonged hospitalization and require special care, such as parenteral or gastric nutrition. 1 In more severe oral mucositis cases, a reduction in the chemotherapy dose or imposing a treatment break in radiation therapy may be necessary, which can lead to the development of drug resistance and suboptimal In addition, it has the added advantage of directly inhibiting monocytes and macrophages, which are involved in the synthesis of PGE2. Besides its ability to block the cyclooxygenase pathway, in vitro reports have also suggested an anti-lipoxygenase activity and hence the added ability of the drug to inhibit leukotriene formation.…”

“…Nanofibers for oral mucositis of microscopically visible ulceration and severity of inflammatory infiltrate were rated using a scoring system reported by Lopez et al 1 …”