Avaliação de genótipos de bananeira em Goiânia, estado de Goiás

Abstract

* RESUMO -No Brasil, 60% da área cultivada com bananeiras são das cultivares Prata, Prata Anã e Pacovan, no entanto, apesar da representatividade e importância destes genótipos, todos são suscetíveis às principais pragas e doenças desta Cultura. O objetivo foi avaliar o crescimento, desenvolvimento e produção de 23 genótipos de bananeiras: Caipira, Calipso, Bucaneiro, FHIA-02, FHIA-17, Thap Maeo, FHIA-01, FHIA-18, PA42-44, PA94-01, ST42-08, PV42-53, PV42-142, e PV79-34, PV94-01, PV42-81, YB42-21, YB42-03, YB42-07 Pacovan, Prata Anã, Maçã e Grand Naine, no município de Goiânia-GO, visando incorporar genótipos aos sistemas de produção comercial na região. O experimento foi conduzido na Embrapa Transferência de Tecnologia -Escritório de Negócios de Goiânia. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. As características avaliadas foram: altura da planta, circunferência do pseudocaule, número de folhas vivas na floração e na colheita, ciclo para florescimento e colheita do primeiro cacho, número de pencas por cacho, massa dos frutos, massa do cacho e das pencas, número, comprimento e diâmetro dos frutos. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott a 5%. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho qualificam as cultivares FHIA 17, Tropical, FHIA 01, Grand Naine e Bucaneiro como promissoras para serem incorporadas aos sistemas de produção da região.Palavras-chave: Musa spp.. Cultivares. Seleção. Produção.ABSTRACT -In Brazil, 60% of the area planted with banana are of the Prata, Prata Anã and Pacovan cultivars, However, despite the importance and representativeness of these genotypes they are all susceptible to the major pests and diseases of this crop. The objective here was to evaluate the growth, development and yield of 23 banana genotypes: Caipira, Calipso, Bucaneiro, FHIA-02, FHIA-17, Thap Maeo, FHIA-01, FHIA-18, PA42-44, PA94-01, ST42 -08, PV42-53, PV42-142-34 and PV79, PV94-01, PV42-81, YB42-21-03 YB42, YB42-07 Pacovan, Prat, Prata Anã, Maçã and Grand Naine in the city of Goiânia, in the state of Goiás, with a view to matching genotypes to commercial production systems in the region. The experiment was carried out at Embrapa Technology Transfer at the Goiânia Business Office. An experimental design of randomized blocks with three replications was adopted. The following characteristics were evaluated: plant height, pseudostem circumference, number of living leaves at flowering and at harvest, flowering and harvest cycle of the first bunch, number of hands per bunch, fruit weight, bunch and hand weight, fruit number, length and diameter. Data underwent variance analysis and the means were compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5%. The results of this work qualify the cultivars FHIA 17, Tropical, FHIA 01, Grand Naine and Buccaneer as promising for incorporation into the production systems of the region.

<b>Fertilization with nitrogen and potassium in banana cultivars ‘Grand Naine’, ‘FHIA 17’ and ‘Nanicão IAC 2001’ cultivated in Ribeira Valley, São Paulo State, Brazil

“…Regardless of the production cycles, the 'FHIA 17', 'Nanicão IAC 2001' and 'Grand Naine' cultivars had fruit length averages, respectively, of 21.0 cm, 21.0 cm and 21.9 cm ( Table 1). The fruit length of the Nanica type cultivars in this study were similar to the range (20.9 to 25.0 cm) found by Borges, Silva, Oliveira, andRoberto (2011), Donato et al (2006), Mendonça et al (2013), Njuguna et al (2008), Nomura et al (2013b), and Ramos, Leonel, Mischan, and Damatto Jr. (2009). The final size of banana fruit depends on several factors, such as temperature, the number of leaves and leaf area during bunch development, soil fertility, water availability, and maturity stage at harvest (Robinson & Gálan-Saúco, 2011).…”

“…The final step of breeding is to evaluate plants in different regions to determine its soil and climate adaptability, as well as its resistance to pests and diseases (Roque, Amorim, Ferreira, Ledo, & Amorim, 2014;Mendonça, Duarte, Costa, Matos, & Seleguini, 2013;Nomura et al, 2013a;2013b;Oliveira, Lessa, Silva, & Oliveira, 2008). Fruit postharvest characteristics are also an important parameter for evaluating the final quality of produced fruits (Godoy et al, 2016;Reis, Viana, Jesus, Santos, & Oliveira, 2016;Castricini, Santos, Deliza, Coelho, & Rodrigues, 2015).…”

Performance of banana genotypes with resistance to black leaf streak disease in Northeastern Brazil

“…cultivars planted at the Frutacor farm, in the municipality of Limoeiro do Norte, in the state of Ceará, Brazil (1) . productive areas, such as in the municipality of Urandi, in the state of Bahia (Donato et al, 2009), and in the municipality of Goiânia, in the state of Goiás, both in Brazil (Mendonça et al, 2013). At the region of Vale do Ribeira, in the state of São Paulo, Nomura et al (2013) reported production periods ranging from 9.1 months, for the cultivar BRS Japira, to 13.8 months, for Caipira.…”

Nitrogen and potassium fertilization on ‘Caipira’ and ‘BRS Princesa’ bananas in the Ribeira Valley

“…The cultivar 'Caipira' fertilized with 150% of the recommendation produced, on average, 223 fruits per cycle ( Figure 2C), with perspective of being even more productive through the application of higher doses of N and K. This value was much higher than that obtained for 'Maçã' , from 60 (Ramos et al, 2009) to 83 fruits per cycle (Mendonça et al, 2013). The yields obtained by 'Caipira' and 'BRS Princesa' were similar to those already observed for the same cultivars by Nomura et al (2013b).…”

“…In comparison to 'Maçã' , both cultivars showed higher fresh weight of marketable hands (Ramos et al, 2009;Mendonça et al, 2013), which indicates its competitive potential for the national market. The yield of both cultivars, even in the absence of fertilization, was higher than the mean of the 'Maçã' banana, of 9.9 Mg ha -1 (Ramos et al, 2009), confirming the potential of the cultivars 'Caipira' and 'BRS Princesa' .…”