Measuring fitness is essential for understanding the potential impacts of hybridisation between transgenic crops and their wild relatives. Transgenic Cry1Ac cotton Gossypium hirsutum and G. barbadense hybridise, the latter being valued as backyard cotton and an important genetic resource. G. barbadense was outcrossed to G. hirsutum containing the gene Cry1Ac and the isoline and the offspring evaluated for fitness as a measure of resistance to common pests and other growth parameters. Resistance to Pectinophora gossypiella and Alabama argillacea were greater in transgenic plants. Number of seeds per plant was higher in the F 1 hybrids and G. hirsutum, F 2 populations were intermediary; G. barbadense produced the least seeds per plant during the period of analysis. Anthesis of the first flower and opening of the first boll occurred earlier for G. hirsutum and F 1 hybrids than F 2 ; latest for G.barbadense. The observed performance of resistance to the worms in the hybrids suggests that among F 1 and F 2 populations transgenic hybrids may exhibit a competitive advantage over non-transgenic plants as a result of gene flow.