Estudo comparativo de sintomas respiratórios e função pulmonar em pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica relacionada à exposição à fumaça de lenha e de tabaco

Abstract

Comparative study of respiratory symptoms and lung function alterations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease related to the exposure to wood and tobacco smoke* Estudo comparativo de sintomas respiratórios e função pulmonar em pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica relacionada à exposição à fumaça de lenha e de tabaco AbstractObjective: To describe and analyze clinical symptoms and spirometric alterations of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and history of exposure to wood and tobacco smoke. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated data related to 170 patients distributed into 3 groups: 34 exposed only to wood smoke, 59 patients exposed only to tobacco smoke and 77 patients exposed to both. Results: The groups did not differ significantly in terms of age (p = 0.225) or degree of exposure, considering each type of exposure in isolation or in combination (p = 0.164 and p = 0.220, respectively). Females predominated in the group exposed to wood smoke. There were no differences among the groups regarding respiratory symptoms (p > 0.05), and moderate dyspnea predominated in the three groups (p = 0.141). The group exposed to wood smoke presented higher percentages of forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity ratio and of forced expiratory volume in one second (p < 0.05). Positive results on bronchodilator testing occurred more frequently in the group exposed to tobacco smoke. The percentage of severe and extremely severe obstruction was significantly higher in the group exposed to tobacco smoke (44.1%) than in that exposed to wood smoke (11.8%; p = 0.006). Conclusions: Respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function alterations consistent with COPD were observed in the groups of patients exposed to wood smoke. However, those alterations were not as significant as the alterations observed in the groups exposed to tobacco smoke. This study emphasizes the importance of prospective studies in evaluating the risk of wood-smoke-related COPD in Brazil, as well as the need for preventive measures in this area.Keywords: Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive; Smoking; Air pollution, indoor; Smoke. ResumoObjetivo: Descrever e analisar sintomas respiratórios e alterações espirométricas em pacientes portadores de doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC), com história de exposição à fumaça de lenha e de tabaco. Métodos: Foram avaliados retrospectivamente dados de 170 pacientes distribuídos em 3 grupos: 34 pacientes expostos somente à fumaça de lenha, 59 pacientes, somente à de tabaco e 77 pacientes expostos a ambas. Resultados: Os grupos não diferiram quanto a idade (p = 0,225) e grau de exposição, considerando cada tipo de exposição isoladamente ou em associação (p = 0,164 e p = 0,220, respectivamente). No grupo exposto à fumaça de lenha predominou o sexo feminino. Não houve diferença entre os grupos quanto à freqüência dos sintomas respiratórios (p > 0,05), e houve predominância de grau moderado de dispnéia nos três grupos (p = 0,141). O grupo exposto à fumaça de ...

Tomographic and functional findings in severe COPD: comparison between the wood smoke-related and smoking-related disease

“…Although other studies have not found that the frequency of cough and sputum production is higher in women with wood smoke-related COPD than in those with smoking-related COPD, ( 23 , 24 ) probably because of differences in the degree of exposure or disease severity, previous studies conducted in Colombia have found that women exposed to wood smoke have a higher frequency of cough and expectoration, as well as increased bronchial hyperresponsiveness, which suggests greater airway involvement, a finding that is similar to that of the present study. ( 9 , 25 ) A study involving 86 patients with wood smoke-related COPD and 53 patients with smoking-related COPD, with different degrees of obstruction, found that the reduction in DLCO was less severe and was less correlated with the degree of obstruction (reduction in FEV 1 ) in the former than in the latter, and that the DLCO/VA ratio was normal in the former, ( 9 ) findings that are similar to those of the present study.…”

Fatores associados à Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica em idosos

“…Although some studies show the exposure to smoke and the presence of more than one respiratory symptom (cough or dyspnea) as factors associated with COPD 1,3,4,8 , these variables did not show themselves to be associated in the group that was studied. The authors attribute this result possibly to limitations in memory due to those being treated are older people.…”

“…Amongst these risk factors classically discussed as associated with COPD, is that which has been highlighted namely smoking (being current or in the past) and the exposure to smoke such as from a wood stoves and coal 1,8 .…”

Saberes e uso da flora madeireira por especialistas populares do agreste de Sergipe

“…Geralmente as espécies que liberam odor forte ou fumaça escura são evitadas ou misturadas com J Sobre a influência da fumaça na saúde, a literatura científica possui diversos relatos onde a fumaça gerada pela queima de madeira é causadora ou potencializadora de doenças, como no caso da Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC) (Yaksic et al 2003;Godoy 2008;Moreira et al 2008).…”