A new species of Hemibrycon (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae) from the río Ucayali drainage, Sierra del Divisor, Peru

Abstract

A new characid species, Hemibrycon divisorensis, is described from the río Ucayali drainage, Loreto, Peru. The new species is distinguished from all Hemibrycon species by the presence of a wide black asymmetrical spot covering base of caudal-fin rays and extending along entire length of caudal-fin rays 9 to 12-13 (except from H. surinamensis), and a black band in the lower half of the caudal peduncle extending from the region above the last anal-fin rays to the caudal-fin base. Furthermore, it is distinguished from most species of the genus by the number of scale rows below the lateral line (4-5 vs 5-9), except H. jabonero, H. microformaa, H. orcesi, and H. surinamensis. It differs from these species by scale and fin ray counts and color pattern. The lack of a supraorbital in Hemibrycon species is discussed and confirmed.Uma nova espécie de caracídeo, Hemibrycon divisorensis, é descrita para a bacia do río Ucayali, Loreto, Peru. A nova espécie distingue-se das demais espécies de Hemibrycon pela presença de uma ampla mancha preta assimétrica na base dos raios da nadadeira caudal estendida até a extremidade dos raios 9 a 12 ou 13 (exceto de H. surinamensis), e de uma faixa preta na metade inferior do pedúnculo caudal desde a região acima dos últimos raios da nadadeira anal até a base da nadadeira caudal. Ela distingue-se da maioria das espécies do gênero pelo número de escamas abaixo da linha lateral (4-5 vs 5-9), exceto de H. jabonero, H. microformaa, H. orcesi e H. surinamensis. Ela difere destas espécies pela contagem de escamas, raios das nadadeiras e colorido padrão. Discute-se e confirma-se a ausência do osso supraorbital em Hemibrycon.

A review of the Cis-Andean species of Hemibrycon Günther (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae: Stevardiinae), with description of two new species

“…Hemibrycon Günther, 1864 is a Neotropical genus of characid fishes comprising twenty eight valid species, sixteen Trans-Andean species distributed in the coastal drainages of the Pacific slope of Panama and in between Caribean slopes of Panama and Venezuela (including the ríos Atrato and Magdalena and Lago Maracaibo basins), and twelve Cis-Andean species distributed in the range between Caribbean coastal basins of Venezuela to lower rio Tocantins basin (including the río Orinoco basin, Trinidad and Tobago island, and río Amazon basin in Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, and Peru; Bertaco et al, 2007;Eschmeyer, 2010; this paper).…”

“…Hemibrycon was extensively revised by Eigenmann (1927), whose accounts still constitute the single complete review of the genus. Publications on Hemibrycon subsequent to Eigenmann's revision usually involve only descriptions of new species occurring in restricted geographic areas of South America (e.g., Bertaco et al, 2007;Román-Valencia & Arcila-Mesa, 2009). The genus still lacks a phylogenetic diagnosis, and is currently delimited based on Eigenmann (1917Eigenmann ( , 1927, as caudal fin naked, premaxillary with two series of teeth, inner series with four teeth, infraorbital 2 in contact with the lower limb of the preopercle, adipose fin present, anal fin moderate or long, gill rakers simple, teeth along the greater part or along the entire edge of the maxillary.…”

A new species of Hemibrycon (Characiformes: Characidae), a freshwater fish from the Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta, Caribbean drainage, Colombia

“…Although most species of Hemibrycon are similar in color pattern throughout their geographic distribution, subtle differences in the concentration and distribution of black pigment in the humeral and caudal regions, have been used to identify new diversity (Bertaco & Malabarba, 2010;Román-Valencia, Vanegas-Ríos & García, 2009a;Román-Valencia et al, 2009b;Román-Valencia & Arcila-Mesa, 2010). In addition to a red adipose fin, Hemibrycon sierraensis has a red spot on the ventral portion of the caudal peduncle, a character that also been observed in several other species of Hemibrycon (Bertaco et al, 2007;, leading us to infer that it represents a synapomorphy for the genus as suggested by Arcila-M (2008). The bright red adipose fin is a possible autapomorphy for this new species and has not been observed in other species of the genus.…”

“…Subsequently the subgenus was defined by Eigenmann (1927) as a new genus of Characidae and species were added and subtracted by several authors (Géry, 1962;Bertaco, Malabarba, Hidalgo & Ortega, 2007;Bertaco & Malabarba, 2010;Román-Valencia & Arcila-Mesa, 2010;Román-Valencia, Ruiz-C, Taphorn, Mancera-Rodriguez & García-Alzate, 2013). Mirande (2010) placed Hemibrycon in the subfamily Stevardiinae in his hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships of the Characidae, but only two species were included in that analysis.…”

“…Fishes of the genus Hemibrycon are typically found in clear freshwater habitats in rivers of the Pacific watersheds in Panama, coastal Caribbean drainages, Lake Maracaibo and Orinoco River basins in Venezuela, streams of Trinidad and Tobago, coastal basins of French Guiana and Suriname, coastal Caribbean and Pacific drainages, Catatumbo, Andes and Orinoco drainages in Colombia and upper Amazon River drainages of Bolivia, Peru and Ecuador (Bertaco et al, 2007;Bertaco & Malabarba, 2010;Román-Valencia et al, 2013). Today there are 36 species reported in the genus (Eschmeyer & Fricke, 2013).…”