Salminus franciscanus, a new species from the rio São Francisco basin, Brazil (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Characidae)

Abstract

Salminus franciscanus, the large-sized dourado from the rio São Francisco basin, Brazil, is described. The new species was actually known ichthyologically since at least Valenciennes (in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1850) but it was never properly identified. Salminus franciscanus can be diagnosed from its congeners by the combination of the presence of an enlarged second tooth in the outer series of the dentary considerably larger than the remaining teeth, the absence of a dark post-orbital stripe, scale counts (68-82 lateral line scales, 11-14 horizontal series of scales between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line, and 6-8 horizontal series of scales between the lateral line and the pelvic-fin insertion), and a developed extension of the middle rays of the caudal fin. The historical taxonomy of the species is discussed.Salminus franciscanus, o dourado de grande porte da bacia do rio São Francisco, Brasil, é descrito. Esta espécie, embora conhecida ictiologicamente desde meados do século XIX (Valenciennes, em Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1850), nunca foi identificada de forma correta. Salminus franciscanus pode ser distinguida de suas congêneres pela combinação dos seguintes caracteres: presença de um dente da série externa do dentário consideravelmente maior que os demais dentes, ausência de uma faixa pós-orbital escura, contagens intermediárias de escamas (68-82 escamas na linha lateral, 11-14 séries de escamas horizontais entre a origem da nadadeira dorsal e a linha lateral e 6-8 séries de escamas horizontais entre a linha lateral e a inserção da nadadeira pélvica) e um prolongamento mediano da nadadeira caudal bem desenvolvido. Um sumário sobre as discussões taxonômicas acerca da espécie presentes na literatura é apresentado.

Influence of spawning procedure on gametes fertilization success in Salminus hilarii Valenciennes, 1850 (Teleostei: Characidae): Implications for the conservation of this species

“…The neotropical fish genus Salminus is a representative of the family Characidae (included in the subfamily Salmininae by Mirande, 2010), order Characiformes, and class Actinopterygii (Lima et al, 2003;Lima & Britski, 2007). Currently, four species are described for the genus Salminus: S. affinis Steindachner, 1880, S. hilarii Valenciennes, 1850, S. franciscanus Lima & Britski, 2007, and S. brasiliensis Cuvier, 1816 (= S. maxillosus) (Lima et al, 2003Lima & Britski, 2007).…”

“…Currently, four species are described for the genus Salminus: S. affinis Steindachner, 1880, S. hilarii Valenciennes, 1850, S. franciscanus Lima & Britski, 2007, and S. brasiliensis Cuvier, 1816 (= S. maxillosus) (Lima et al, 2003Lima & Britski, 2007).…”

Cryopreserved sperm for oocyte fertilization of dourado Salminus brasiliensis

“…This fish is found in the Paraná, Paraguay and Uruguay basins, the lake system of Lagoa dos Patos and the basin of the upper Chaparé and Mamoré rivers (LIMA et al, 2003). Salminus is a genus of medium to large characiforms (LIMA & BRITSKI, 2007) and its fishfarming potential and concerns for its conservation in watersheds has stimulated researches with this species. Most studies have been limited to assess the quality of cryopreserved semen by measuring sperm motility.…”

Genetic structuring of Salminus hilarii Valenciennes, 1850 (Teleostei: Characiformes) in the rio Paraná basin as revealed by microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA markers

“…Salminus hilarii (Characiformes: Bryconidae) is one of five species of its genus, and is widely distributed in the Paraná, Paraguay and São Francisco rivers basins in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay (Langeani et al, 2007;Lima & Britski, 2007). Salminus hilarii is commonly known as tabarana or dourado branco in Portuguese, and as dorado, plateado, or sábalo in Spanish.…”