A review of the species of Crenicichla (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from the Atlantic coastal rivers of southeastern Brazil from Bahia to Rio Grande do Sul States, with descriptions of three new species

Abstract

Six species of Crenicichla, three of which are new, are recognized from the Atlantic coastal rivers of souhteastern Brazil from the state of Bahia south to the state of Rio Grande do Sul: C. mucuryna (upper rio Mucuri, Minas Gerais), C. lacustris (from the rio Paraíba do Sul north to the rio Buranhem, Bahia), C. iguapina, new species (rio Ribeira de Iguape), C. tingui, new species (from the rio Itapocu to the rio Nhundiaquara drainage), C. maculata, new species (lagoa dos Quadros, rio Maquiné, Rio Grande do Sul to rio Itapocu, Santa Catarina drainages), and Crenicichla punctata (laguna dos Patos basin). Crenicichla biocellata is a synonym of C. lacustris; and also a secondary homonym of Sparus biocellatus, a synonym of C. saxatilis. Crenicichla dorsocellata is also a synonym of C. lacustris.<br>Seis espécies de Crenicichla, sendo três novas, são reconhecidas dos rios costeiros do sudeste brasileiro, desde o estado da Bahia para o sul, até o estado do Rio Grande do Sul: C. mucuryna (parte superior do rio Mucuri, Minas Gerais), C. lacustris (do rio Paraíba do Sul para o norte até o rio Buranhem, Bahia), C. iguapina, esp. nova (do rio Ribeira de Iguape), C. tingui, esp. nova (das drenagens do rio Itapocu, Santa Catarina ao rio Nhundiaquara, Paraná), C. maculata, esp. nova (lagoa dos Quadros, rio Maquiné, Rio Grande do Sul ao rio Itapocu, Santa Catarina) e Crenicichla punctata (sistema da laguna dos Patos). Crenicichla biocellata e C. dorsocellata são consideradas sinônimos de C. lacustris. A primeira é também um homônimo secundário de Sparus biocellatus que por sua vez é sinônimo de Crenicichla saxatilis

Comparative feeding ecology and habitats use of Crenicichla species (Perciformes: Cichlidae) in a Venezuelan floodplain river

“…With 83 described species (Eschmeyer & Fricke, 2009), the genus Crenicichla (Heckel, 1840) is the second largest genus of South American cichlids following Apistogramma (Kullander, 2003;Kullander & Lucena, 2006;Lucena, 2007). Crenicichla species, referred to as pike cichlids in English and 'mataguaros' in Venezuela and other South America countries, are distributed across regions north of the Amazon River, including Venezuela, Colombia and Guyana, throughout the Amazon basin, and within Atlantic basins to central Argentina in the south (Kullander, 2003).…”

“…Most information about reproduction and parental care of Crenicichla species has been produced by aquarium hobbyists (Leibel, 1992;Bethea, 2007), however, few scientific data for Crenicichla species in natural systems have been published. Kullander (1990Kullander ( , 1991, Lucena (2006), andLucena (2007) reported information about habitat and diet for eight Brazilian species. Knöppel (1970) reported food habits in a study of the fishes of Central Amazonas, and Lowe-McConnell (1969) reported on the ecology of fishes in Guyana; all of them found that Crenicichla species feed mostly on fish and aquatic insects.…”

Cytotaxonomy and karyoevolution of the genus Crenicichla (Perciformes, Cichlidae)

“…Its geographical distribution comprises most of cis-Andean South America, from Trinidad to Argentina, including the Orinoco, Amazon, and Paraguay-Paraná basins and most coastal rivers between Guianas and the La Plata River (Kullander, 1982;Ploeg, 1991;Lucena and Kullander, 1992;Kullander, 1998Kullander, , 2003. Based on characteristics such as body shape, the number of scale series below lateral lines, and presence or absence of a humeral blotch, the Crenicichla species are included into nine groups (lugubris, acutirostris, lacustris, missioneira, reticulata, saxatilis, scotti, wallacii, and macrophtalma) or into two more inclusive groups: large-scaled and small-scaled species (Ploeg, 1991;Lucena and Kullander, 1992;Kullander and Lucena, 2006).…”

Crenicichla ypo (Teleostei: Cichlidae), a new species from the middle Paraná basin in Misiones, Argentina

“…Most Crenicichla species are found in tropical and subtropical cis-Andean drainages (Kullander & Lucena, 2006), although few of them, such as Crenicichla lepidota Heckel, C. vittata Heckel, and C. scottii (Eigenmann) also inhabit temperate waters in the La Plata River basin in Buenos Aires province and northern Patagonia in Argentina (Casciotta, 1987).…”