Mixed infection by Histoplasma capsulatum isolates with different mating types in Brazilian AIDS-patients

Damasceno, Lisandra Serra; Vite-Garín, Tania; Ramírez, José Antonio; Rodríguez-Arellanes, Gabriela; Almeida, Marcos de Abreu; Muniz, Mauro de Medeiros; Mesquita, Jacó Ricarte Lima de; Leitão, Terezinha do Menino Jesus Silva; Taylor, Mária Lucía; Zancopé‐Oliveira, Rosely Maria

doi:10.1590/s1678-9946201961008

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 41 publications

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“…For the first time in the medical literature, cases of mixed infection with different mating types of Histoplasma were described in two patients living with HIV in 2019, in an endemic area of Brazil [38].…”

Section: Schematic Overview Of Changes In the Epidemiological Landsca...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Histoplasmosis

Efrim¹,

Dumea²,

Cernat³

2023

Infectious Diseases

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More prevalent than initially considered, histoplasmosis is primarily a non-contagious disease of the reticuloendothelial system, producing a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic or self-limited infection, in immunocompetent patients to life-threatening, disseminated disease in immunocompromised ones. The causative agent is H. capsulatum, a thermally dimorphic, intracellular fungus, discovered in 1906, by the pathologist Samuel Darling, when examined tissues from a young man whose death was mistakenly attributed to miliary tuberculosis. Since then, histoplasmosis was described on six continents, with high and low endemicity areas. H. capsulatum is a soil-based fungus, commonly associated with river valleys in the temperate zone, and with the presence of bird and bat guano. Infection occurs when saprophytic spores are inhaled and change to the pathogenic yeast in the lungs, where H. capsulatum overcomes many obstacles to cause host injuries. Depending on geographic distribution, morphology, and clinical symptoms, three varieties have been historically recognized, two of them (var. capsulatum and var. duboisii) being pathogen to humans, and the third (var. farciminosum) has predominantly been described as an equine pathogen. In endemic areas, patients with AIDS or people who receive immunosuppressive therapies should be counseled to avoid high-risk activities; otherwise, precautionary measures should be taken.

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Section: Schematic Overview Of Changes In the Epidemiological Landsca...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Histoplasmosis

Efrim¹,

Dumea²,

Cernat³

2023

Infectious Diseases

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Considerations about the Geographic Distribution of Histoplasma Species

Taylor

Reyes-Montes

Estrada-Bárcenas

et al. 2022

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Unusual Differences in the Pulmonary Histopathology of Mice after Intranasal Infection with Mycelial Propagules of Histoplasma capsulatum Strains Classified as LAm A2 and NAm 2 Phylogenetic Species

Pulido-Camarillo,

Sahaza,

de Souza Pitangui

et al. 2023

JoF

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The ascomycete Histoplasma capsulatum is the causative agent of systemic respiratory mycosis histoplasmosis, which sometimes develops acute disseminated or chronic clinical forms, with the latter usually associated with granuloma formation. The present report shows differential histopathological changes in the pulmonary inflammatory response of mice infected intranasally with the mycelial morphotype of H. capsulatum strains with distinct genotypes, EH-46 and G-217B, classified as LAm A2 and NAm 2 phylogenetic species, respectively. Infected male BALB/c mice were sacrificed at different postinfection times, and their serial lung sections were stained with periodic acid–Schiff and analyzed via microscopy. In mice infected with the LAm A2 strain, the results showed progressive changes in the inflammatory infiltrate of the lung parenchyma during the first hours and days postinfection as well as granulomas with macrophages containing intracellular yeast cells, which prevailed at 14 and 21 days postinfection. Bronchiolar-associated lymphoid tissue was induced in mice infected with both strains, primarily in mice infected with the NAm 2 strain. Several lung sections from mice infected with the LAm A2 strain showed PAS-positive yeast cells aggregated in a perinuclear crown-like arrangement in macrophages from 3 h to 21 days postinfection. These findings highlight differences in the host pulmonary inflammatory response associated with distinct H. capsulatum species.

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Mixed infection by Histoplasma capsulatum isolates with different mating types in Brazilian AIDS-patients

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Epidemiology of Histoplasmosis

Epidemiology of Histoplasmosis

Considerations about the Geographic Distribution of Histoplasma Species

Unusual Differences in the Pulmonary Histopathology of Mice after Intranasal Infection with Mycelial Propagules of Histoplasma capsulatum Strains Classified as LAm A2 and NAm 2 Phylogenetic Species

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