Sandfly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) in an urban area, Central-West of Brazil

Fernandes, Wagner de Souza; Borges, Leandro Machado; Casaril, Aline Etelvina; Oliveira, Everton Falcão de; Infran, Jucelei de Oliveira Moura; Piranda, Eliane Mattos; Oshiro, Elisa Teruya; Gomes, Suellem Petilim; Oliveira, Alessandra Gutierrez de

doi:10.1590/s1678-9946201759054

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The overall number of males was higher than females, as reported in different studies conducted in other regions of Brazil [35–38]. It is acknowledged that the sex ratio may be influenced by trapping methods, with light traps usually attracting more males than females [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Home sweet home: sand flies find a refuge in remote indigenous villages in north-eastern Brazil, where leishmaniasis is endemic

Sales

Miranda

Costa³

et al. 2019

Parasites Vectors

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BackgroundFrom 2012 to 2013, an outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis by Leishmania braziliensis was detected in indigenous villages located in a remote rural area of Pernambuco state, north-eastern Brazil. Considering that the principal activities of this indigenous community are farming and crop plantation, and also that the outbreak involved many children, we investigated the presence of sand fly vectors inside human houses and also the exposure of dogs to leishmanial parasites. Our general objective was to gather epidemiological data that could indicate the occurrence of a peri-domestic/domestic transmission cycle of L. braziliensis in these indigenous villages.MethodsFrom March 2015 to March 2016, sand flies were collected using light traps in the indoor and immediate outdoor environments in the three indigenous villages that reported the most cutaneous leishmaniasis cases during the 2012–2013 outbreak. Moreover, samples obtained from 300 dogs living in the outbreak villages and two nearby villages were tested by a rapid immunochromatographic test and by a real-time PCR for detecting anti-Leishmania antibodies and Leishmania DNA, respectively.ResultsIn total, 5640 sand flies belonging to 11 species were identified. Males (n = 3540) predominated over females (n = 2100). Migonemyia migonei (84.3%) was the most abundant species, followed by Evandromyia lenti (5.5%), Lutzomyia longipalpis (4.1%), Nyssomyia intermedia (1.6%) and Micropygomyia capixaba (1.4%), representing together ~97% of the sand flies collected. Nine out of the 11 species identified in this study were found indoors, including M. migonei, L. longipalpis and N. intermedia, which are proven vectors of Leishmania spp. Out of 300 dogs tested, 26 (8.7%) presented anti-Leishmania antibodies and six (2%) were Leishmania DNA-positive. The level of exposure in dogs living in the indigenous villages where the 2012–2013 outbreak of human CL was detected was almost 2-fold higher than in the two nearby villages (11.0 vs 6.2% for serology and 2.6 vs 1.4% for real-time PCR).ConclusionsThe results suggest that different sand fly vectors may be adapted to human dwellings, thus increasing the risk of transmission in the indoor and immediate outdoor environments. The adaptation of sand flies to the indoor environment in the studied indigenous villages may be partly explained by the poor housing conditions and the proximity of the houses to crop plantations and forest fragments.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-019-3383-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Home sweet home: sand flies find a refuge in remote indigenous villages in north-eastern Brazil, where leishmaniasis is endemic

Sales

Miranda

Costa³

et al. 2019

Parasites Vectors

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“…[47], and Fernandes et al . [71]. No periodicity was observed for rainfall, and sand fly frequency did not correlate significantly with this variable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Evandromyia aldafalcaoae , a species restricted to Mato Grosso do Sul, has been frequently collected from disturbed environments—peridomestically in the Pantanal sub-region of Nhecolândia [67] and in Corumbá county [47, 55], as well as indoors [65, 68]. Nyssomyia whitmani , a vector of etiological agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis in several Brazilian localities, has been frequently reported from Mato Grosso do Sul, especially where outbreaks of tegumentary leishmaniasis have occurred [61, 69, 70, 71].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synanthropy and diversity of Phlebotominae in an area of intense transmission of visceral leishmaniasis in the South Pantanal floodplain, Midwest Brazil

et al. 2019

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Phlebotomines have been recorded from a wide variety of habitats, and some of these vector species have shown preference for human environments, with high levels of adaptation. This study evaluated the degree of preference of these vectors for urban, rural, and forested environments (synanthropic behavior), as well as the diversity of these species, in three areas (forested, rural, and urban, exhibiting different degrees of anthropogenic changes) in a region of intense transmission of visceral leishmaniasis in Corumbá county, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Using light traps, sand fly specimens were collected from the three environments simultaneously, from May 2015 to April 2017, totaling 7 213 sand flies of 14 species in eight genera. Nuorteva’s synanthropy index was determined for the species Lutzomyia cruzi , Brumptomyia brumpti , Micropygomyia peresi , Lu . forattinii , Martinsmyia oliveirai and Evandromyia corumbaensis . Lutzomyia cruzi , the vector of Leishmania infantum in Corumbá, was the most abundant vector species, recorded from all three areas and sampling plots, on all 24 months investigated. This species exhibited the highest synanthropic index (+75.09), indicating a strong preference for urban environments. Brumptomyia brumpti , Micropygomyia peresi , Lu . forattinii , and Martinsmyia oliveirai showed preference, albeit not strong, for urban environments. Overall, males were more abundant than females ( W = 490; p < 0.0001). High density, high synanthropic index, and sustained indoor presence were found for Mi . peresi in the rural area. Monitoring changes in the ecological behavior of sand flies is of vital importance, as these changes may indicate an increased likelihood of leishmaniasis emergence or reemergence.

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“…cruzi abundance and climatic variables showed no significant statistical association [ 24 , 27 , 59 ]. However, it was observed that the species occurs throughout the year, with population peaks in the months with high temperature [ 21 , 24 , 27 , 59 ]. These previous studies considered both male and female specimens of L .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological niche modelling and predicted geographic distribution of Lutzomyia cruzi, vector of Leishmania infantum in South America

et al. 2018

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In some transmission foci of Leishmania infantum in Brazil, Lutzomyia cruzi could be considered the main vector of this pathogen. In addition, L. cruzi is a permissive vector of L. amazonensis. Its geographical distribution seems to be restricted and limited to Cerrado and Pantanal biomes, which includes some areas in Brazil and Bolivia. Considering that predicting the distribution of the species involved in transmission cycles is an effective approach for assessing human disease risk, this study aims to predict the spatial distribution of L. cruzi using a multiscale ecological niche model based in both climate and habitat variables. Ecological niche modelling was used to identify areas in South America that are environmentally suitable for this particular vector species, but its presence is not recorded. Vector occurrence records were compiled from the literature, museum collections and Brazilian Health Departments. Bioclimatic variables, altitude, and land use and cover were used as predictors in five ecological niche model algorithms: BIOCLIM, generalised linear model (logistic regression), maximum entropy, random forests, and support vector machines. The vector occurs in areas where annual mean temperature values range from 21.76°C to 26.58°C, and annual total precipitation varies from 1005 mm and 2048 mm. Urban areas were most present around capture locations. The potential distribution area of L. cruzi according to the final ecological niche model spans Brazil and Bolivia in patches of suitable habitats inside a larger climatically favourable area. The bigger portion of this suitable area is located at Brazilian States of Mato Grosso do Sul and Mato Grosso. Our findings identified environmentally suitable areas for L. cruzi in regions without its known occurrence, so further field sampling of sand flies is recommended, especially in southern Goiás State, Mato Grosso do Sul (borders with Mato Grosso, São Paulo and Minas Gerais); and in Bolivian departments Santa Cruz and El Beni.

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Sandfly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) in an urban area, Central-West of Brazil

Cited by 13 publications

References 46 publications

Home sweet home: sand flies find a refuge in remote indigenous villages in north-eastern Brazil, where leishmaniasis is endemic

Home sweet home: sand flies find a refuge in remote indigenous villages in north-eastern Brazil, where leishmaniasis is endemic

Synanthropy and diversity of Phlebotominae in an area of intense transmission of visceral leishmaniasis in the South Pantanal floodplain, Midwest Brazil

Ecological niche modelling and predicted geographic distribution of Lutzomyia cruzi, vector of Leishmania infantum in South America

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