Mutagenicity induced by the hydroalcoholic extract of the medicinal plant Plathymenia reticulata Benth

Abstract

Abstract:Plathymenia reticulata Benth has an anti-inflammatory effect and is capable of neutralizing the neuromuscular blockade induced by Bothrops jararacussu or Crotalus durissus terrificus venoms, probably by precipitating venom proteins (an effect caused by plant tannins). The present study aimed to evaluate the mutagenic activity of P. reticulata by using the Salmonella mutagenicity assay (Ames test) and the micronucleus test in CHO-K1 cells. P. reticulata extract concentrations of 2.84, 5.68, 11.37, and 19.90 mg/ plate were assayed by the Ames test using TA97a, TA98, TA100 and TA102 bacterial strains, with (+S9) and without (-S9) metabolic activation. Concentrations of 5, 1.6 and 0.5 μg/mL of P. reticulata extract were used for the micronucleus test. P. reticulata extract was mutagenic to TA98 (-S9) and showed signs of mutagenic activity in TA97a and TA102 (both -S9) strains. Micronucleus test CBPI values showed that the endogenous metabolic system increased the number of viable cells when compared to the non-activated samples and the micronucleus frequency increased when the cells were treated in the absence of S9. We concluded that P. reticulata extract may present direct mutagenic properties.

Assessment of Cytotoxicity, Fetotoxicity, and Teratogenicity ofPlathymenia reticulataBenth Barks Aqueous Extract

“…The material was ground in a mill (MA 340, Marconi, Brazil), macerated for seven days (1276.32 g) in 70% ethanol (14.5 liters), and the suspension was protected from light and percolated at 20 drops/minute, resulting in a 20% (w/v) hydroalcoholic extract. This procedure was previously described by Farrapo et al [ 10 ] and Della Torre et al [ 11 ]. Briefly, the obtained extract contained 3.75% polyphenols and 0.16% flavonoids and showed positive reactions to tannins.…”

“…As described by Della Torre et al [ 11 ], Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-K1 lineage, American Type Cell Culture, ATCC number CCL-61) were maintained at 37°C in 5% CO 2 and 97% humidity in RPMI 1640 culture medium (Gibco, USA), supplemented with 10% (v/v) fetal bovine serum (FBS, Gibco), 1% (v/v) L-glutamine (L-Glu, Gibco), 1% (v/v) penicillin streptomycin (PS, Gibco) and 0.1% (v/v) amphotericin B (Gibco). For subculturing and experiments, the cells were harvested using 0.05% (w/v) trypsin and 0.02% (w/v) ethylene diamine tetracetic acid (EDTA) in a saline phosphate-buffered solution, pH 7.4.…”

“…Although the hydroalcoholic extract of P. reticulata barks showed mutagenicity, the Ames test also unveiled its anticarcinogenic potential [11]. …”

“…In an attempt of investigating the risk assessment of P. reticulata , its mutagenic potential was evaluated by the Salmonella mutagenicity assay (Ames test) and the micronucleus test in CHO-K1 cells. Although the hydroalcoholic extract of P. reticulata barks showed mutagenicity, the Ames test also unveiled its anticarcinogenic potential [ 11 ].…”

Afforestation With Tropical N-Fixing Species in The Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest: Carbon and Nitrogen in The Soil Profile

“…The soil physical characterization is described in Table 1. The natural abundance of 13 C and 15 N were determined using the Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer Delta V Advantage (IRMS -Thermo Scienti c) coupled with Organic Elemental Analyzer (Thermo Scienti c), and the results were expressed in (‰) relative to the Pee Dee Belemnita (PDB) and atmospheric N 2 International standards, respectively, calculated using the following equation: Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted using soil data (0-30 cm where the historical landuse change is more likely to be noticed) to evaluate a possible grouping pattern among species. For this analysis, data were standardized through z-scale transformation to avoid scale in uence and plotted using ggbiplot package (Vu 2011).…”