"Syndromic surveillance" and the reemergence of yellow fever in São Paulo State, Brazil, 2009

Fortaleza, Carlos Magno Castelo Branco; Rocha, Rogério Gonçalves da; Aragão, Valéria Drummond Nagem; Almeida, Ricardo Augusto Monteiro de Barros

doi:10.1590/s1678-91992009000200002

Cited by 5 publications

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“…Haemagogus y Sabethes). La FA urbana, en África y Sudamérica, es transmitida por A. aegypti (1)(2)(3)(4) .…”

Section: Reporte De Casounclassified

“…La FA evoluciona en tres fases: 1) infección, congestiva o roja; 2) remisión; 3) intoxicación, amarilla o icterohemorrágica. Aproximadamente 15% de pacientes hacen la tercera fase; de éstos fallecen 20% a 50% (1,3,4) . La mortalidad por FA es mayor en Sudamérica (50%-70%), que en África (20%-30%).…”

Section: Reporte De Casounclassified

“…Sin embargo, algunos indicios clínicos pueden ser orientadores. Primero, los signos más precoces y característicos de leptospirosis son mialgias e inyección conjuntival; ambos presentes en nuestro paciente (1)(2)(3)(4)12) . Segundo, la FA difiere de otras hepatitis virales en que los niveles séricos de TGO exceden a los de TGP, y la bilirrubina oscila entre 5-10 mg/dL (4,6,8) .…”

Section: A B Cunclassified

“…El diagnóstico diferencial del síndrome febril icterohemorrágico agudo (SFIHA) incluye: leptospirosis, fiebre amarilla (FA), dengue, malaria, rickettsiosis, salmonelosis, hepatitis virales, bartonelosis, hantavirus, entre otras. (1,2) . Se ha descrito coinfección de leptospirosis con dengue, malaria, chikungunya, Zika, tifus, etc.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Se ha descrito coinfección de leptospirosis con dengue, malaria, chikungunya, Zika, tifus, etc. (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7) . La coinfección leptospirosis y FA es rara (2) .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Fiebre amarilla selvática con serología positiva para leptospira en un varon joven peruano

Meregildo-Rodríguez

Villegas-Chiroque

2019

Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica

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Fiebre amarilla (FA) y leptospirosis son zoonosis endémicas subdiagnosticadas de las regiones tropicales de África y Sudamérica. Ambas, pueden ser clínicamente indistinguibles y presentarse como síndrome febril icterohemorrágico agudo. Reportamos el caso de un varón de 20 años, procedente del departamento de Amazonas que se presentó con nueve días de enfermedad caracterizada por falla multiorgánica (compromiso neurológico, renal, hepático, respiratorio, y hematológico). Recibió tratamiento antibiótico, soporte transfusional, dialítico, hemodinámico, y ventilatorio; y a pesar de la gravedad del cuadro clínico, evolucionó favorablemente. Se confirmó FA por Rt-PCR y se obtuvo serología positiva para leptospira por ELISA y microaglutinación. Sin embargo, no se pudo demostrar, desde el punto de vista laboratorial, coinfección real por FA y leptospira. Este caso de FA severa con desenlace no fatal enfatiza la importancia del diagnóstico sindrómico adecuado, y un tratamiento de soporte precoz y agresivo que puede salvar la vida del paciente.

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“…Haemagogus y Sabethes). La FA urbana, en África y Sudamérica, es transmitida por A. aegypti (1)(2)(3)(4) .…”

Section: Reporte De Casounclassified

Section: A B Cunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Se ha descrito coinfección de leptospirosis con dengue, malaria, chikungunya, Zika, tifus, etc. (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7) . La coinfección leptospirosis y FA es rara (2) .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Fiebre amarilla selvática con serología positiva para leptospira en un varon joven peruano

Meregildo-Rodríguez

Villegas-Chiroque

2019

Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica

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Feeding habits of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in an area of sylvatic transmission of yellow fever in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

Mucci¹,

Júnior²,

Paula³

et al. 2015

J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis

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BackgroundThe reintroduction of sylvatic yellow fever in the state of São Paulo after about six decades was confirmed in the Northwestern region in 2000, where in 2008 there also occurred an important epizootic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feeding habits of culicids potentially involved in the sylvatic transmission of the virus in this region.MethodsSpecimens were collected in 24 forested localities at ground level with hand nets and mouth aspirators. Collections were made quarterly between October 2006 and July 2008 during daylight hours. Blood-meal identification was carried out in mosquitoes of the tribes Aedini, Mansoniini and Sabethini. The biotin/avidin sandwich ELISA was employed to determine six source types: bird, bovine, equine, rat, human and monkey.ResultsA total of 24,879 females of the three tribes were obtained, 245 (0.98%) of which were engorged. The presence of three different blood sources per engorged female was the predominant situation, and included 35.10% of the total of samples processed. Samples with two or four different sources were represented by 25.31% and 25.71%, of the specimens, respectively, while just 9.39% had only one type and 1.22%, five different sources. Aedes scapularis, Ae. serratus (Group), Psorophora albigenu and Ps. ferox were the most abundant species and accounted for about 95% of the engorged specimens. Of the principal vector species, Haemagogus janthinomys/capricornii was found with bird, bovine and primate blood. These sources were predominant and alternated top ranking as the most frequent source according to the mosquito species and collection site. In general, primate blood was the most prevalent source.ConclusionsThe human population of the region visits this ecotone frequently, which indicates the need for the periodical assessment of vaccination coverage against yellow fever. The frequency of non-human primate blood source in mosquito species that show minor vector importance in yellow fever virus transmission deserves attention. The eclectic feeding habits and some aspects of the interactions between potential vectors and reservoirs of yellow fever may be associated with the habitat fragmentation characteristic of the region. We recommend that further studies on the capacity and vector competence be performed on secondary vectors in extra-Amazonian region.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40409-015-0005-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Yellow fever in Africa and the Americas: a historical and epidemiological perspective

Chippaux

Chippaux²

2018

J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis

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Yellow fever was transported during the slave trade in the 15th and 16th centuries from Africa to the Americas where the virus encountered favorable ecological conditions that allowed creation of a sustainable sylvatic cycle. Despite effective vector control and immunization programs for nearly a century, yellow fever epidemics reemerged in many Latin American countries, particularly Brazil. The emergence or reemergence of vector-borne diseases encompasses many intricate factors. Yellow fever outbreaks occur if at least three conditions are fulfilled: the introduction of the virus into a non-immune human community, presence of competent and anthropophilic vectors and insufficiency of prevention and/or adequate management of the growing outbreak. On the other hand, two weapons are available to constrain yellow fever: vector control and immunization. In contrast, yellow fever is absent from Asia and the Pacific despite the presence of the vector and the susceptibility of human populations to the virus. Based on a review of the global history of yellow fever and its epidemiology, the authors deliver some recommendations for improving the prevention of epidemics.

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"Syndromic surveillance" and the reemergence of yellow fever in São Paulo State, Brazil, 2009

Cited by 5 publications

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Fiebre amarilla selvática con serología positiva para leptospira en un varon joven peruano

Fiebre amarilla selvática con serología positiva para leptospira en un varon joven peruano

Feeding habits of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in an area of sylvatic transmission of yellow fever in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

Yellow fever in Africa and the Americas: a historical and epidemiological perspective

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