Bats and their role in human rabies epidemiology in the Americas

Dantas‐Torres, Filipe

doi:10.1590/s1678-91992008000200002

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Serum cortisol concentrations were not affected by selenium supplementation (F (3,65) = 0.35; P = 0.79; data pooled for each day of observation) nor by any interactions between selenium concentration and time (F (15,280) = 1.41; P = 0.14). Concerning the overall temporal effect, serum cortisol levels increased gradually in all groups throughout the study (ANOVA; F (5,280) = 32.65; P = 0.01).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Association between handling stress in the corral and rabies antibody titers in selenium-supplemented cattle

Reis¹,

Chiacchio²,

Oba³

et al. 2009

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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This study determined the correlation between serum cortisol levels and rabies antibody titers in cattle primo-vaccinated against rabies and supplemented with dietary selenium (Se). Sixty Nelore male calves (10 to 12 months old) received daily and individual dietary supplementation with 0, 3.6, 5.4 and 6.4 mg Se (groups Gc, G 3.6 , G 5.4 and G 6.4 , respectively). The animals were vaccinated against rabies (day 0) and subjected to handling stress in the corral for 120 days. Blood sampling procedures were performed on days 0, 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120. Cortisol levels increased until day 90, but had dropped significantly by day 120 (P < 0.01). Rabies antibody titers on days 30 and 90 were similar among Sesupplemented groups; in the control group, rabies antibodies decreased significantly from day 30 to 60, and 90 to 120. Serum cortisol levels and antibody titers were not correlated in most of the groups or blood sampling days. A positive correlation among these variables was found only in G 6.4 on days 60 (R = 0.513; P = 0.05) and 120 (R = 0.644; P = 0.009). In conclusion, repeated handling in the corral stresses cattle, but without compromising rabies humoral immune response.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Rabies infection, provoked by a virus (genus Lyssavirus, family Rhabdoviridae) and transmitted primarily by Desmodus rotundus bats, results in untreatable and fatal encephalitis in mammals (1)(2)(3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between handling stress in the corral and rabies antibody titers in selenium-supplemented cattle

Reis¹,

Chiacchio²,

Oba³

et al. 2009

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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“…Com o rápido crescimento urbano, os morcegos têm colonizado novos nichos ecológicos e deixado seus abrigos noturnos para ocupar ambientes construídos pelo homem. A alteração da natureza com a consequente diminuição dos recursos naturais tem levado os morcegos hematófagos a procurar novas alternativas alimentares, como os humanos (8,28) , tornando-os como opções alternativas de alimento aos morcegos hematófagos, sendo procuradas como fontes de alimento somente na ausência de bovinos. Entretanto, essa alternativa alimentar amplia a introdução e disseminação da zoonose.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Distribuição Espaço-Temporal Dos Diagnósticos Laboratoriais Da Raiva Animal

et al. 2015

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Resumo:A raiva é uma enfermidade infectocontagiosa que afeta mamíferos, inclusive o homem. Estima-se que a raiva dos herbívoros seja responsável por enormes prejuízos econômicos na América Latina. O morcego hematófago Desmodus rotundus é o principal transmissor do vírus rábico (VR). Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a evolução do diagnóstico laboratorial para raiva animal em cinco espécies animais, na série cronológica 1990-2010, na microrregião Quirinópolis, Goiás, Brasil. Para avaliação da distribuição dos casos diagnosticados foram utilizados resultados de diagnóstico laboratorial, realizados pelo Laboratório de Diagnóstico da Agência Goiana de Defesa Agropecuária. A partir destes, foi construído um banco de dados com as variáveis: município de origem do animal, resultado, mês e ano. Das 116 amostras analisadas, 9% (10) foram positivas para oVR e 91% (106) negativas. Todos os resultados positivos foram provenientes de bovinos. Dentre os municípios da microrregião, Itarumã apresentou maior número de casos positivos e Caçu enviou mais amostras. Houve tendência de aumento no envio de amostras e no número de exames laboratoriais. Também houve tendência ao aumento de diagnósticos positivos. Amostras da espécie bovina foram as mais analisadas, seguida de morcegos hematófagos. Em relação à época do ano, foram observados mais casos positivos no período da seca. Palavras-chave: Animais domésticos; epidemiologia; quirópteros; vírus rábico. Abstract:Rabies is an infectious contagious disease that affects mammals, including humans. Herbivore rabies is estimated to be the cause of major economic downturns in Latin America. The hematophagous bat Desmodusrotundus is the main transmitter of the rabies virus. The present study aimed at evaluating the laboratory diagnosis of animal rabies in five species of animals, in the 1990-

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“…Rabies monitoring in isolated populations at risk, particularly when located nearby or within forests constantly cohabited with wild animals (such as Guaraqueçaba), is very important and should be combined with health education (Dantas‐Torres, 2008). We were able to successfully conduct a 4‐day multidisciplinary approach on rabies prevention involving health, agricultural, education and environmental sectors, and community participation as recommended by specialists (Schneider et al., 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention Educational Program of Human Rabies Transmitted by Bats in Rain Forest Preserved Area of Southern Brazilian Coast

Kikuti

Paploski

Silva

et al. 2011

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Guaraqueçaba city is a rain forest environmental protected area located on the southern coast of Brazil. Recently, the local Animal Health Service has noticed haematophagous bats feeding from humans and domestic animals, as well as bat colonies located in houses and public schools. In 2007, two non-haematophagous bats were tested positive by direct immunofluorescence for rabies in a nearby city. Native fauna and environmental laws protect non-haematophagous bats in Brazilian preserved areas such as Guaraqueçaba, making non-haematophagous bat population control almost impossible. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to evaluate a simple and feasible educational protocol applied by a multi-institutional task force in local elementary schools to prevent rabies transmitted by bats. Information was transmitted to children by video, lectures and oral question-answer section; evaluation was made by written questionnaires to teachers and students. Interinstitutional task force included public and animal health public services, a federal university and the city secretary of environment, of education, of agriculture and of animal health, and also participation of local community. Information was effectively absorbed by children when evaluated just after being given. As important, questionnaires showed that handling and playing with bats at day time was common in several elementary school students, exposing themselves to what may represent higher risk of rabies transmission than haematophagous bat feeding directly from humans. Training of teachers and students may effectively prevent rabies by bats in such communities. Insertion of this subject into science content of local elementary school educational programme was proposed in order to establish a continuing education programme on rabies transmitted by bats in environmental preserved areas.

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Bats and their role in human rabies epidemiology in the Americas

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Association between handling stress in the corral and rabies antibody titers in selenium-supplemented cattle

Association between handling stress in the corral and rabies antibody titers in selenium-supplemented cattle

Distribuição Espaço-Temporal Dos Diagnósticos Laboratoriais Da Raiva Animal

Prevention Educational Program of Human Rabies Transmitted by Bats in Rain Forest Preserved Area of Southern Brazilian Coast

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