Bite force evaluation in subjects with cleft lip and palate

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the masticatory function of subjects with cleft lip and palate by analyzing the bite force developed by these individuals. Bite force was evaluated in a group of 27 individuals with repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate (14 males and 13 females – aged 18-26 years) and compared to the data achieved from a group of 20 noncleft subjects (10 males and 10 females – aged 18-26 years). Measurement was achieved on three positions within the dental arch (incisors, right molars and left molars), three times at each position considering the highest value for each one. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA and Mann-Whitney test (α = 5%). There was a significant deficit in bite force in male individuals with cleft lip and palate compared to the male control group (p=0.02, p=0.004, p=0.003 for incisors, right and left molars, respectively). For the female group, the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.79, p=0.06, p=0.47). In the group of individuals with clefts, 92.6% were under orthodontic treatment, which could be a reason for the present findings, since it can decrease the bite force more remarkably in males than in females. In conclusion, the bite force is significantly reduced in men when comparing the cleft group to the noncleft group. In females, this reduction was not significant in the same way. However, the main reason for this reduction and for the different behavior between genders should be further investigated.

Relationship between orofacial function, dentofacial morphology, and bite force in young subjects

“…Decreases in bite force magnitude among children with malocclusion, temporomandibular disorders, and subjects with tooth loss and reduced periodontal tissue support have previously been described (Johansson et al , ; Sierpińska et al , ; Castelo et al , ). In addition, a significant reduction in bite force has been observed in men with cleft lip and palate (Sipert et al , ), but little is known about the influence of other orofacial dysfunctions on bite force magnitude, which suggests the need for future studies.…”

Rehabilitative treatment of cleft lip and palate: experience of the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies/USP (HRAC/USP) - Part 5: Institutional outcomes assessment and the role of the Laboratory of Physiology

“…A study conducted at the Laboratory of Physiology by Sipert, et al 17 (2009) quantified the bite force in control individuals (without cleft lip and palate and other malocclusions and free of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction) and a group of individuals with unilateral cleft lip and palate (undergoing corrective orthodontic treatment and free of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction). Lower bite force values were observed for the group with cleft, yet the differences were statistically significant only for the male gender.…”

Análise do padrão mastigatório em indivíduos com fissura labiopalatina

“…Para tanto, uma análise bivariada relacionada à atividade diferencial dos músculos masseter e temporal, simultaneamente, denominada Lissajous plot foi realizada (FERRARIO et al, 2004;TARTAGLIA et al, 2008 assimétrico, e 100% indica padrão simétrico de ativação muscular (FERRARIO et al, 2004;FERRARIO et al, 2006a;TARTAGLIA et al, 2008;FERREIRA, 2012;FELÍCIO et al, 2013;FERREIRA et al, 2014). ;FU, 1998;SAKAMOTO et al, 1999;RAMOS, 2009;SIPERT et al, 2009;CAMPILLAY;DELGADO;BRESCOVICI, 2010;TAVANO, 2011;COSTA, 2013;SOTO et al, 2014;GARCIA et al, 2016), não foram encontrados trabalhos que abordassem a coordenação neuromuscular dos músculos mastigatórios nessa população, fato que contribui para o ineditismo desta pesquisa.…”

“…Partindo-se de estudos que encontraram desempenhos semelhantes de capacidade mastigatória, eficiência mastigatória e força de mordida entre indivíduos com e sem fissura labiopalatina, além de força de mordida semelhante entre os lados com e sem fissura (SIPERT et al, 2009;TAVANO, 2011;GARCIA et al, 2016), esse estudo questionou a existência de equilíbrio funcional para compensar o déficit estrutural causado pela sequela da fissura labiopalatina. Assim, hipotetizou que o equilíbrio funcional pode ser alcançado a partir da distribuição compensatória da atividade eletromiográfica entre os músculos masseter e temporal e entre os lados com e sem fissura.…”

“…No entanto, não há consenso na literatura quanto ao prejuízo ou semelhança relacionados à função mastigatória na comparação entre populações controles e aquelas com fissura labiopalatina, visto que foi observado desempenho semelhante da capacidade e eficiência mastigatória entre os grupos com e sem fissura, e força de mordida semelhante entre os lados com e sem fissura, e em crianças com e sem FLP (SIPERT et al, 2009;TAVANO, 2011;GARCIA et al, 2016).…”