Inter-specific variability in protein use by two vegetable crop species

Abstract

It is now well-known that plants can uptake not only inorganic nitrogen but also organic nitrogen compounds, mainly amino acids. However, soil proteins are the main pool of amino acids. According to our earlier papers, plants can get access to this source of nitrogen using root-secreted proteases, but the level of proteolytic activity of such root-secreted proteases is species-specific. Our aim was to compare the use of protein as nitrogen source by two vegetable crops having high (Allium porrum) or low (Lactuca sativa) level of activity of root-secreted proteases. Seedlings were cultivated on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS), MS medium without inorganic nitrogen, MS medium without inorganic nitrogen, but with casein in concentration of 0.01%, 0.1% or 1%. Fresh weight of shoot of A. porrum was the highest for seedlings growing on culture medium with casein, but shoots of L. sativa obtained the highest weight growing on the culture medium with inorganic nitrogen. Allium porrum seedlings obtained 15-fold higher proteolytic activity in the culture medium than L. sativa. Seedlings of A. porrum using such high activity of proteases secreted by roots could provide a substantial pool of amino acids for intensive growth. The current studies conducted on A. porrum and L. sativa suggest that the efficiency of protein use in nitrogen nutrition by plants is species-specific.

Root-Derived Proteases as a Plant Tool to Access Soil Organic Nitrogen; Current Stage of Knowledge and Controversies

“…Similarly to plants growing on a culture medium with protein as a sole N source, also plants cultivated on organic P as a sole P source showed decelerated growth compared to those growing on inorganic N or P only [15,55]. Moreover, the highest growth was observed for plants supplied with both OP and Pi [43], and for plants growing on media with both, IN and organic N in form of protein [9,56]. The best growth on organic and inorganic forms of N is in line with natural conditions, in which soils contain a mixture of IN and organic N [57] and a mixture of OP and Pi [51].…”

“…There are also some differences between the activities of root-secreted proteases and acid phosphatases. Enhanced synthesis and excretion of acid phosphatase were documented under P-deficient conditions for several plant species [41,42,[62][63][64]; on the other hand, activities of root-derived proteases decrease under N-deficient conditions, with no protein in the culture medium [53,56]. This difference may emerge from the nutrient economy; the investment of N into proteases is economically not favorable if no protein (i.e., substrate) is present in the culture medium.…”