Checklist dos peixes de água doce do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

Abstract

Abstract:The fish species living in the freshwaters of the São Paulo state (393) are distributed among four major river basins: upper Paraná, Paraíba do Sul, Ribeira de Iguape and a set of small coastal drainages flowing directly into the Atlantic Ocean. Since these river basins drain areas with distinct vegetation types, soils, etc., each one has a different species composition. In the Upper Paraná the large Rio Paraná and some of its large tributaries (Tietê, Paranapanema, and Grande) contain large species that support commercial fisheries, however, 70 to 80% of the ichthyofauna is composed by small species found in small streams, including those in headwaters where many are endemic. The inventory of the ichthyofauna greatly benefited from three research projects supported by the BIOTA/FAPESP program, but much work remains to be done to collect and describe new species from areas such as deep channels, headwaters and marginal and swampy áreas around ponds and man-made lakes and reservoirs. The ichthyofauna of the São Paulo State has suffered from deforestation, sewage, damming of rivers for construction of power plants, urbanization, etc., so that 66 species are currently considered threatened at various levels according to the criteria of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Keywords: fresh water fishes, biodiversity of the State of São Paulo, BIOTA/FAPESP Program.

Checklist of freshwater ichthyofauna from coastal streams of Juréia-Itatins reserve, southeastern Brazil

“…Sabino and Silva (2004) and Oyakawa et al (2006) sampled the Espraiado River which is directly inserted into a larger river system (tributary of the Una da Aldeia River which flows into the Ribeira de Iguape River), instead of the loworder streams sampled in the present study and, therefore, those authors found a greater species richness than us. Nevertheless, this study added nine species, including the freshwater species Pseudotothyris obtusa, Scleromystax macropterus, Characidium lauroi, Hyphessobrycon griemi, Hyphessobrycon reticulatus, Rivulus santensis, and the Table 3) shares several fish species with Ribeira de Iguape (44 species) and coastal basin (25 species), but few species with upper Paraná (14 species) and Paraíba do Sul (13 species), considering only freshwater fish species registered in the four main drainages in the state of São Paulo (upper Paraná, Paraíba do Sul, Ribeira de Iguape, and the coastal basin) by Oyakawa and Menezes (2011). Ichthyofauna sharing among coastal rivers and adjacent basins is expected (Serra et al 2007).…”

“…Brazil encompasses the majority of this diversity, and despite the recent increase in discoveries and descriptions of new species, it is still far from being completely known. Recent estimates suggest that 2,587 species occur in Brazil (Buckup et al 2007) and 393 occur in the state of São Paulo (Oyakawa and Menezes 2011).…”

“…Four main hydrographic systems are recognized in the state of São Paulo: upper Paraná River basin, Paraíba do Sul River basin, Ribeira de Iguape River basin, and the "coastal basin" in which a set of small independent coastal drainages that flow directly into the Atlantic Ocean are included (Oyakawa and Menezes 2011). The knowledge of the ichthyofauna from the Ribeira de Iguape basin and coastal drainages in the state of São Paulo is still unsatisfactory, considering the enormous diversity of species in this region (Bizerril 1994;1995;Ribeiro 2006;Menezes et al 2007;Abilhoa et al 2011;Oyakawa and Menezes 2011).…”

“…The knowledge of the ichthyofauna from the Ribeira de Iguape basin and coastal drainages in the state of São Paulo is still unsatisfactory, considering the enormous diversity of species in this region (Bizerril 1994;1995;Ribeiro 2006;Menezes et al 2007;Abilhoa et al 2011;Oyakawa and Menezes 2011).…”

Effect of the riparian vegetation removal on the trophic network of Neotropical stream fish assemblage

“…The expansion of agriculture and urbanization are the main factors that affect the aquatic ecosystems in São Paulo State, the most developed of Brazil, especially with respect to riparian vegetation removal, siltation and contamination by domestic and industrial sewage (Casatti et al, 2009;Oyakawa and Menezes, 2011). Consequently, streams with pristine conditions or less impacted are extremely rare and restricted mainly to Conservation Units.…”