“…In the Neotropics alone, there are approximately 150 fruit-eating fish from 17 families and six orders (Horn et al, 2011), which consume fruits and seeds of at least 170 plant species from 55 families (Correa et al, 2007). Some of these fish exhibit apparent physiological, morphological, and complex behavioural adaptations for the efficient consumption of fruit and seeds, such as molar-like teeth (Goulding, 1980), long intestines (Correa et al, 2007), enzymes associated with digestion of carbohydrates (Drewe et al, 2004), patrolling and defence of trees dropping ripe fruits (Goulding, 1980;Costa-Pereira et al, 2010), and drift compensation manoeuvres in fast-flowing waters (Krupczynski & Schuster, 2008). Some of these fish exhibit apparent physiological, morphological, and complex behavioural adaptations for the efficient consumption of fruit and seeds, such as molar-like teeth (Goulding, 1980), long intestines (Correa et al, 2007), enzymes associated with digestion of carbohydrates (Drewe et al, 2004), patrolling and defence of trees dropping ripe fruits (Goulding, 1980;Costa-Pereira et al, 2010), and drift compensation manoeuvres in fast-flowing waters (Krupczynski & Schuster, 2008).…”