“…Mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) are an important component of aquatic systems, as they are abundant in all types of environments, play an important role in nutrient cycling and reflect changes in water quality (McCafferty, 1983;Rosenberg and Resh, 1993). The sensitivity of Ephemeroptera to physical, chemical and physical-chemical changes of an aquatic system has been well described in the literature (e.g., Brittain, 1982;Salles et al, 2004;Domı´nguez et al, 2006). Therefore, Ephemeroptera is regarded as a useful research subject in studies with different ecological approaches (e.g., Francischetti et al, 2004;Goulart and Callisto, 2005;Buss and Salles, 2007;Siegloch et al, 2008;Shimano et al, 2010;Souza et al, 2010).…”