In vitro evaluation of the association of chitosan and cashew nut shell liquid as additives for ruminants

Pereira, Daniele Cristina; Goes, Rafael Henrique de Tonissi e Buschinelli de; Martinez, Antônio Campanha; Gandra, Jefferson Rodrigues; Presendo, Eduardo; Santos, Mariana Viegas dos; Oliveira, Raquel Tenório de; Silva, Nayara Gonçalves da; Ribeiro, Max Gimenez; Alvez, Jefferson Leonardo Rocha

doi:10.1590/s1519-994005102019

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…The decrease in total protozoa increases the total bacteria population in the rumen since protozoa possess predatory activity on bacteria in the rumen (Newbold et al, 2015). This present study was in agreement with previous research which reported that increasing level of chitosan was associated with an increase of rumen pH (Goiri et al, 2009a;Goiri et al, 2009b;Goiri & Oregui, 2014;Wencelová et al, 2013;Pereira et al, 2019;Li et al, 2013;Henry et al, 2015). However, there was a study reported that chitosan had no effect on rumen pH (Belanche et al, 2016a).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…However, other studies reported conversely that the addition of chitosan reduced DMD in the in vitro rumen batch culture (Li et al, 2013;Wencelová et al, 2013). Some other studies even reported that chitosan addition had no effect on DMD, OMD, CPD, and NDFD (Henry Pereira et al, 2019;Seankamsorn et al, 2019). In the present meta-analysis study, across all different experiments, chitosan was found to increase nutrient digestibility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

“…Concerning nitrogen metabolism, chitosan was reported to not affect rumen ammonia N concentration (Belanche et al, 2016a;Goiri et al, 2009a;Goiri et al, 2009b;Seankamsorn et al, 2019;Li et al, 2013;Henry et al, 2015). However, another study stated that chitosan increased ammonia levels in the in vitro rumen batch culture (Pereira et al, 2019). Chitosan is a nitrogenous compound that can be degraded in the rumen by microbes, so the higher concentration of ammonia in the chitosan diet is possibly due to amine group (R-NH 2 ) conversion into ammonia (Beier & Bertilsson, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enteric Methane Emissions and Rumen Fermentation Profile Treated by Dietary Chitosan: A Meta-Analysis of In Vitro Experiments

Harahap

Setiawan

Nahrowi

et al. 2020

Trop. Anim. Sci. J.

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Chitosan is a natural compound obtained from deacetylation of chitin, which is a biopolymer present in the exoskeleton of crustaceans such as crabs and shrimp. The present study aimed to perform a meta-analysis from published studies regarding the effects of chitosan on methane emission and rumen fermentation profile of in vitro batch culture experiments. A total of 41 studies from 12 articles were integrated into a database. Parameters included were gas production, methane emission, rumen fermentation characteristics, microbial population, nutrient digestibility, and fatty acid profile. Data were analyzed according to mixed model methodology in which different studies were treated as random effects and chitosan addition levels were treated as fixed effects. Results showed that chitosan addition was able to reduce enteric methane emissions (p<0.001). Such methane decrease was accompanied by a decline in the protozoa population (p<0.05) and a tendency of methanogen reduction (p<0.1). The increasing chitosan level was associated with a decrease in total VFA and ammonia concentrations (both at p<0.001). Chitosan addition decreased acetate proportion (p<0.001) while elevated propionate proportion (p<0.001). Chitosan was associated with an increase of dry matter digestibility, crude protein digestibility, and neutral detergent fiber digestibility (p<0.001). Chitosan increased concentrations of C 18:3n3 (p<0.05), conjugated linoleic acid (p<0.01) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (p<0.01) while decreased concentration of saturated fatty acids (p<0.001). It can be concluded that chitosan addition can mitigate enteric methane emission and alters rumen fermentation profiles in a favorable direction.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enteric Methane Emissions and Rumen Fermentation Profile Treated by Dietary Chitosan: A Meta-Analysis of In Vitro Experiments

Harahap

Setiawan

Nahrowi

et al. 2020

Trop. Anim. Sci. J.

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“…This resembled the acetylation degree in the study of Araújo et al [23], who used commercial chitosan with over 92% acetylation degree. Pereira et al [24], however, used chitosan as an additive with an over 85% deacetylation degree. The variation of acetylation degree in each study might cause the studies' inconsistent results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ruminal Ecology, Microbial Protein Synthesis and Milk Production in Lactating Dairy Cows Fed Glycerin-Based Diet: A Comparison Study on Chitosan Sources Supplementation

Seankamsorn¹,

Cherdthong²,

So³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The study compared the influence of chitosan sources on rumen fermentation, methane emission and milk production in lactating dairy cows fed a glycerin-based diet. Six, lactating Holstein-Frisian crossbreeds (410 ± 5.0 kg BW, 120 ± 21 day-in-milk), were arranged in a 3 x 3 replicated Latin square design. In addition to control, a 2% chitosan extract supplement and a 2% commercial chitosan supplement of dry matter intake were the treatments. The results denoted that no significant differences on daily dry matter, nutrients or estimated energy intake were noted when cows received different sources of chitosan. Nutrient digestibility was not influenced differently by extraction based or commercial chitosan supplements. The pH, temperature, ammonia nitrogen, blood urea and microbial count were similar among treatments. The different sources of chitosan supplements did not change the totals of volatile fatty acids, acetate and butyrate; in contrast, different chitosan sources influenced (P<0.05) propionate content. The ruminal acetate to propionate ratio was markedly (P<0.05) reduced with chitosan supplement, but no change appeared between sources of chitosan. At 4 hours after feeding, the methane estimation signiﬁcantly decreased with the addition of chitosan supplementation (P<0.05) compared to the control group. The purine derivatives and microbial protein synthesis were not altered by the treatments. No significant differences existed on milk yield, milk composition or milk urea nitrogen when cows received different sources of chitosan (P>0.05). In sum, supplementing extracted chitosan showed more potential than did commercial chitosan for enhancing economic efficiency and recycling shrimp residues, therefore, reducing environmental waste.

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Influence of chitosan sources on intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation, and milk production in tropical lactating dairy cows

Seankamsorn

Cherdthong

et al. 2021

Trop Anim Health Prod

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In vitro evaluation of the association of chitosan and cashew nut shell liquid as additives for ruminants

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Enteric Methane Emissions and Rumen Fermentation Profile Treated by Dietary Chitosan: A Meta-Analysis of In Vitro Experiments

Enteric Methane Emissions and Rumen Fermentation Profile Treated by Dietary Chitosan: A Meta-Analysis of In Vitro Experiments

Ruminal Ecology, Microbial Protein Synthesis and Milk Production in Lactating Dairy Cows Fed Glycerin-Based Diet: A Comparison Study on Chitosan Sources Supplementation

Influence of chitosan sources on intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation, and milk production in tropical lactating dairy cows

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