Environmental changes and zooplankton temporal and spatial variation in a disturbed brazilian coastal lagoon

Abstract

The Imboassica lagoon, located in the Municipality of Macaé (RJ), is separated from the sea by a sand bar, and its surroundings are partially occupied by residential areas. This coastal lagoon has undergone environmental degradation due to sewage input and artificial sand bar openings. The temporal and spatial variation of environmental variables and zooplankton were studied monthly for four years. There were five artificial openings of the sand bar during the period of study, mostly in the rainy season. Besides osmotic changes, these events caused the drainage of the water of the lagoon into the sea, loss of total organic nitrogen, and an increase of total phosphorus. The zooplankton community of Imboassica lagoon included freshwater and marine taxa, holoplanktonic, meroplanktonic and nectobenthonic forms. Polychaeta, Bivalvia and Gastropoda larvae, and the taxa of Rotifera Hexarthra spp., Lecane bulla, Synchaeta bicornis, nauplii of Cyclopoida and Calanoida copepods were considered constant taxa. Distinct zooplankton assemblages were found during zooplankton spatial surveys in oligohaline and mesohaline conditions. The successful zooplankton populations were either favored by the disturbance of the sand bar opening, such as the veligers of the gastropod Heleobia australis, or capable of fast recovery after the closing of the sand bar, during the succession from a marine into an oligohaline environment, such as Hexarthra spp.. Such populations seemed well adapted to the stress conditions usually found in the lagoon due to osmotic changes, column mixing, nutrient input, and high fish predation pressure. Rare species in the community, such as Moina minuta, presented population increases all over the lagoon under oligohaline conditions. Keywords: zooplankton community, coastal lagoon, sand bar opening, Hexarthra spp., Moina minuta.Mudanças ambientais e variação temporal e especial do zooplâncton em uma lagoa costeira brasileira submetida a distúrbios ResumoA Lagoa Imboassica, localizada no Município de Macaé (RJ), é separada do mar por uma barra de areia e se encontra cercada parcialmente por áreas residenciais. Esta lagoa costeira tem sofrido intensa degradação ambiental devido à afluência de esgotos domésticos e a aberturas artificiais da barra de areia. Neste estudo foram acompanhadas, mensalmente ao longo de quatro anos, as variações temporais e espaciais de variáveis ambientais e do zooplâncton. Durante o período estudado foram realizadas cinco aberturas artificiais da barra de areia, sendo a maioria efetuada na época chuvosa. Além das alterações osmóticas, estas aberturas causaram a drenagem da água da lagoa para o mar, diminuição dos valores de nitrogênio total e aumento da concentração de fósforo total. A comunidade zooplanctônica da lagoa incluiu táxons de água doce e marinhos e formas holoplanctônicas, meroplanctônicas e nectobentônicas. Foram considerados constantes na comunidade larvas de Polychaeta, Bivalvia e Gastropoda, os táxons de Rotifera Hexarthra spp., Lecane bulla, Synchaeta bicornis e...

Synthesis of Brazilian Rotifera: an updated list of species

“…Lecane mitis Myers, 1926 Segers and. Lecane monostyla (Daday, 1897 Monostyla monostyla Daday, 1897 1974a,b;2000;Koste and Robertson 1983;Bozelli 1992;Dabés 1995;Garcia et al 1998;Landa and Mourgés-Schurter 2000a,b;Neto 2001;Bonecker et al 2005;Branco et al 2007;Abra 2008;. Lecane nana Cathypna nana Dabés 1995;Landa and Mourgés-Schurter 2000;Esteves et al 2000;.…”

“…Brachionus dolabratus Harring, 1915 Syn. : Brachionus dolabratus dolabratus (Harring, 1915) Ahlstrom 1938Hauer 1953;Krau 1967;Hardy 1980;Koste and Robertson 1983;Sendacz and Costa 1991;Bozelli 1992;Segers et al 1993b (RT); Dabés 1995;Campos et al 1996;Espíndola et al 1996;Nunes et al 1996;Garcia et al 1998;Espíndola et al 2000; Landa and Mourgés-Schurter 2000a,b; Sampaio and Lopez 2000;Keppeler 2003;Neves et al 2003;Bonecker et al 2005;Cabianca 2005; de Melo et al 2006 (ZE); Abra 2007;Batista 2007;Branco et al 2007;Eskinazi-Sant´Anna et al 2007;Bonecker et al 2009;Ferraz et al 2009;Santos 2010;. Brachionus donneri Brehm, 1951 Turner and da Silva 1992.…”

“…: Brachionus falcatus falcatus Zacharias, 1898Ahlstrom 1938;Hauer 1953;Krau 1962; Gillard 1967 (RB);Schaden 1976;Hardy 1980;Reid and Turner 1988;Paranaguá and Neumann-Leitão 1982;Koste and Robertson 1983; NeumannLeitão and de Souza 1987;Matsumura-Tundisi et al 1990;Lansac-Tôha et al 1993;Segers et al 1993b;Bozelli 1992;Dabés 1995;Campos et al 1996;Espíndola et al 1996;Nunes et al 1996;de Souza et al 1998;Garcia et al 1998;Oliveira- Landa et al 2002;Keppeler 2003;Neves et al 2003;Bonecker et al 2005; Branco et al 2005 (RT) ;Cabianca 2005;Almeida et al 2006;de Melo et al 2006;Leitão et al 2006;Vitorio 2006;Batista 2007;Branco et al 2007;Eskinazi-Sant´Anna et al 2007;Nascimento 2008;Palazzo et al 2008;Bonecker et al 2009;Ferraz et al 2009; Hardy 1980;Dabés 1995;Reid and Turner 1988;Sendacz and Costa 1991;Bozelli 1992;Espíndola et al 1996;…”

“…Brachionus satanicus Rousselet, 1913. Brachionus urceolaris Muller, 1773 Turner and da Silva 1992; Bozelli 1994 (ZE); Campos et al 1996;Garcia et al 1998;Bonecker et al 2005;Branco et al 2007;. Brachionus urceolaris nilsoni (Ahlstrom, 1940) Crispim Neves et al 2003;Bonecker et al 2005;Cabianca 2005;Almeida et al 2006;Sendacz et al 2006;Serafim-Júnior et al 2006; Abra 2008;Batista 2007;Nascimento 2008;Santos 2010;.…”

“…2004; Ulloa 2004 (ZE); Bonecker and Aoyagui 2005 (RE); Bonecker et al 2005;CabiancaSyn. : Brachionus havanaensis havanaensis Rousselet, 1911Ahlstrom 1940;Hauer 1953;Krau 1962;Schaden 1976;Reid and Turner 1988; (RT); Crispim and Watanabe 2000; Neves et al 2003;Keppeler 2003;Cabianca 2005;Leitão et al 2006;Vitorio 2006;Branco et al 2007;Eskinazi-Sant´Anna et al 2007;Dantas-Silva and Dantas 2012. Koste and Robertson 1983;Dabés 1995;Neves et al 2003;Abra 2008;.…”