A new nematode species Goezia leporini n. sp. (Anisakidae) from cultured freshwater fish Leporinus macrocephalus (Anostomidae) in Brazil

Abstract

This paper describes nematode infection in the cultured freshwater fish Leporinus macrocephalus (Osteichthyses: Anostomidae) collected at Batatais, São Paulo State, Brazil. Of a total of 32 examined fish, 21 (65%) were infected with Goezia leporini n. sp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) with mean infection intensity of 4.1 parasites. The nematodes presented total length greater than G intermedia, G. holmesi, G. pelagia, G. minuta, G. kliksi, G. sinamora, G. nonipapillata, G. alii, G. moraveci, G. brasiliensis, and G. brevicaeca. The main difference was a great number of preanal papillae in males when compared to G. brasiliensis and G. brevicaeca. The present description also differs from that of G. brasiliensis with respect to spicule length and distance of vulva from the anterior extremity.

Metazoan parasite communities of Leporinus macrocephalus (Characiformes: Anostomidae) in cultivation systems in the western Amazon, Brazil

“…The prevalence of parasites in the earth tanks in our study was similar to the prevalence reported for L. macrocephalus in fish farms in southeastern Brazil (65%, Yoshitoshi 2003, and87%, Moraes 2005). The generally higher indices of parasite prevalence, abundance and mean infection intensity observed in the earth tanks in comparison to the dams, can be explained by the higher density of fish in the earth tanks, which favors the dissemination of infectious forms of parasites (Sanches 2008).…”

“…Nine species were common in both systems (Table 2) Martins & Yoshitoshi, 2003. Two species of Monogenoidea were found only in the earth tanks (Tereancistrum paranaensis Karling, Lopes, Takemoto & Pavanelli, 2014 and Kritskyia eirasi Kritsky, Thatcher & Kayton, 1980), and four species occurred only in the dams (Dactylogyridae sp. 3; Microcotyle sp.…”

“…In the state of São Paulo, a prevalence of infection of 87.2% by Monogenoidea has been determined in L. macrocephalus (Tavares-Dias et al 1999). High infection rates of L. macrocephalus by the nematode Goezia leporini caused symptoms such as lack of appetite, lethargy, pallidness and ascites (Martins and Yoshitoshi 2003). A reduction of hematological characteristics was also observed in L. macrocephalus parasitized by this species of Nematoda .…”

“…The species has increasing commercial prospects due to its great productive capacity (Martins and Yoshitoshi 2003), being attractive for intensive and semi-intensive rearing in mono and polyculture. The species is omnivorous (Andrian et al 1994) and adapts easily to artificial diets (Soares Júnior et al 2013), presenting rapid growth and good weight gain (Takahashi et al 2004).…”

“…When fish cultivation systems with high stocking densities have inadequate water management, and substandard nutrition, parasitic diseases can emerge (Schalch and Moraes 2005;Zanolo and Yamamura 2006;Pavanelli et al 2013;Zago et al 2014), causing significant losses to production. Under intense infestations or infections, parasites can cause physiological damage to hosts, leading to death of fish in severe cases (Martins and Yoshitoshi 2003).…”