Observations on Haemagogus janthinomys Dyar (Diptera: Culicidae) and other mosquito populations within tree holes in a gallery forest in the northwestern region of Sao Paulo state, Brazil

Abstract

-In 2000, an outbreak of sylvatic yellow fever possibly occurred in gallery forests of the Grande river in the Paraná basin in the northwestern region of São Paulo state. The aim of this study was to obtain information on the bionomics of Haemagogus and other mosquitoes inside tree holes in that area. Eighteen open tree holes were sampled for immature specimens. Adults were collected twice a month in the forest in Santa Albertina county from July 2000 to June 2001. The seasonal frequency of fourth instars was obtained by the Williams geometric mean (Mw), while the adult frequency was estimated either by hourly arithmetic or the Williams' means. Cole's index was applied to evaluate larval inter-specifi c associations. Among the ten mosquito species identifi ed, the most abundant was Aedes terrens Walker followed by Sabethes tridentatus Cerqueira and Haemagogus janthinomys Dyar. Larval and adult abundance of these species was higher in summer than in winter. Although larval abundance of Hg. janthinomys peaked in the rainy season, correlation with rainfall was not signifi cant. Six groups of larval associations were distinguished, one of which the most positively stable. The Hg. janthinomys and Ae. terrens association was signifi cant, and Limatus durhamii Theobald was the species with most negative associations.

Aedes albopictus oviposits with other Aedes species in artificial oviposition cups: a case study in Knox County, Tennessee, U.S.A.

“…and Culex spp. larvae (Armistead et al 2012), mosquito species in tree holes (Tubaki et al 2010), and ticks on cattle (Theuret and Trout Fryxell 2018).…”

Tree holes as larval habitats for Aedes aegypti in public areas in Aguaray, Salta province, Argentina

“…aegypti larvae were frequently found in human artifacts and sometimes also in tree holes along city streets and parks, bamboo stems, coconut shells, and damaged papaya trees (Soper 1967). Since then, there have been only a few reports from natural containers, such as tree holes, in South America (Tubaki et al 2010). To the best of our knowledge there are no previous published reports of Ae.…”

“…In Brazil, fortnight collections for 11 months from 18 holes per tree (in an undetermined number of trees) yielded only seven Ae. aegypti larvae (Tubaki et al 2010). On the other hand, in the Caribbean region calabash fruit and tree holes were the natural sites most frequently used by Ae.…”

Distribution of Haemagogus and Sabethes Species in Relation to Forest Cover and Climatic Factors in the Chapada Dos Guimarães National Park, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil

“…Species of Haemagogus have strong acrodendrophilic habits, and Hg. janthinomys, considered arboreal, has been mainly found in the canopy of rain forest or deciduous forest (Trapido and Galindo 1957, Ramírez et al 2007, Tubaki et al 2010, and at !16 m above the ground (Pinto et al 2009). Still, Alencar et al (2005), based on blood meal patterns from different regions of Brazil, concluded that the feeding habits of Hg.…”