Os gêneros de Bethylidae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea) de quatro áreas de Mata Atlântica do Espírito Santo

Abstract

-The generic richness and abundance of Bethylidae collected in four different hillside areas of Atlantic rain forest from Espírito Santo, Brazil were studied. The sites are Santa Maria de Jetibá (SMJ), Domingos Martins (DM), Pancas (P) and Atílio Vivacqua (AV). A total of 2,840 specimens of 12 genera were collected. Lepidosternopsis Ogloblin and Bakeriella Kieffer are fi rst recorded from the State. Richness of taxa was calculated using fi rst-order Jackknife richness with EstimateS program. Genera accumulation curves were ran to evaluate the samples. Abundance data were adjusted to the geometric distribution. Parameter k was used to compare areas. The generic profi le was not equal for the sites we studied. The areas were considered disturbed. SMJ and DM presented genera richness bigger than in P and AV. The differences in the sites refl ect the different preservation of each environment. Pseudisobrachium Kieffer and Dissomphalus Ashmead are most dominant genera in SMJ, DM and P, and Anisepyris Kieffer in AV. This study emphasizes the fact of Dissomphalus as the most abundant genus in rain forests. The generic profi le found in AV is similar to that of some areas of Brazilian savannah.KEY WORDS: Alpha diversity, fi rst-order Jackknife, Neotropical region, new record, parasitoid wasp RESUMO -Estudou-se a riqueza e abundância de gêneros de Bethylidae coletados em quatro áreas de mata de encosta da Mata Atlântica do Espírito Santo, com estados de preservação diferentes: Santa Maria de Jetibá (SMJ), Domingos Martins (DM), Pancas (P) e Atílio Vivácqua (AV). Foram coletados 2.840 espécimes alocados em 12 gêneros, sendo Lepidosternopsis Ogloblin e Bakeriella Kieffer citados pela primeira vez para esse estado. A riqueza dos táxons foi obtida através do procedimento Jackknife com auxílio do programa EstimateS. Curvas de acumulação de gêneros foram construídas para avaliar o esforço amostral. Os dados se ajustaram à distribuição geométrica e calculou-se o parâmetro k para comparar as localidades. O perfi l genérico não foi equivalente em todas as localidades, e todas foram consideradas perturbadas. SMJ e DM apresentaram riqueza de gêneros maior em comparação com P e AV. As diferenças relatadas neste estudo para as áreas amostradas refl etem o grau diferente de preservação das matas. Pseudisobrachium Kieffer e Dissomphalus Ashmead foram os gêneros mais abundantes em SMJ, DM e P e Anisepyris Kieffer em AV. Este estudo reforça o fato de Dissomphalus ser mais abundante em fl orestas tropicais úmidas e que o perfi l genérico encontrado em AV assemelhase a dados publicados para o cerrado. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Diversidade alfa, Jackknife de primeira ordem, Região Neotropical, citação nova, vespa parasitóide Bethylidae são vespas ectófagas quando adultas e ectoparasitóides idiobiontes primárias quando imaturas. Seus hospedeiros são larvas de Lepidoptera e Coleoptera que vivem em situações crípticas, tais como solo, serrapilheira, madeira e sementes (Evans 1964). Corpo achatado, cabeça prognata, fêmures anteriores largos e au...

Insecta, Hymenoptera, Bethylidae: range extension and filling gaps in Madagascar

“…Out of this total, 39 % is Dissomphalus, which is the most abundant genus in Madagascar. That is explained by the fact that Madagascar is considerably covered by moistened areas (rainforest and moist montane forest) and, as proposed by Azevedo and Helmer (1999) and Mugrabi et al (2008), this genus has great representation in humid environments.…”

Insecta, Hymenoptera, Bethylidae: range extension and filling gaps in Central African Republic

“…Out of this total, almost 24% of the specimens belong to Dissomphalus, which is the most abundant genus in our samples. This dominance is explained by the fact that the sampling localities were all situated in lowland rainforest, which receives high rainfall and, as proposed by Azevedo and Helmer (1999) and Mugrabi et al (2008), this genus is best represented in humid environments.…”

Drivers of Parasitoid Wasps' Community Composition in Cacao Agroforestry Practice in Bahia State, Brazil

“…Platygastridae, Braconidae, Ichneumonidae, Diapriidae, Bethylidae and Figitidae are usually abundant families in native forest, as we found in cacao plantations. For instance, Bethylidae is an uncommon family in intensive management agroecosystems, such as soybean, cotton and coffee, probably because these agroecosystems do not preserve the soil structure, as Bethylidae are parasitoids of insects which depend somehow on the litter (Mugrabi, 2008). Intensive management of agroecosystems attracts less species and families of parasitoid wasps from the neighborhoods, which results in lower parasitoid family richness than in cacao plantations.…”