Comportamento de acasalamento do bicho-mineiro-do-cafeeiro, Leucoptera coffeella (Guérin-Mèneville) (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae)

Abstract

-Despite the importance of Leucoptera coffeella (Guérin-Mèneville) in coffee production worldwide, there is a lack of information on its reproductive biology. This knowledge will help in mass rearing, as well as support the development of behavioral control techniques for this insect. The purpose of the study was to determine the periodicity of mating and male capture and describe the mating behavior L. coffeella. In laboratory, we observed the periodicity of mating with virgin couples of different ages, zero to five days after emergence. Male activity was studied in a 0.7 ha coffee plantation, cv. Catuaí, where Delta traps were installed at 0.5 m above ground, using either virgin females or rubber septa lured with the synthetic sex pheromone. The sequence of mating behavior was studied by making visual observations and recorded of pairs placed on individual plastic tubes. Mating occurred between 4h and 6h of photophase, when the highest frequencies involved pairs with ages of one and three days after emergence, with peak of mating occurring in 5 th hour of photophase. The young or old pairs showed significantly copulation frequency and the peak of matings advance in 1h. The highest male capture occurred at 12p.m. and 13 p.m. by traps with virgin females or traps with synthetic sex pheromone lures, respectively. L. coffeella is one insect with diurnal mating and the mating behavior was not different from what is know for other Lepidoptera species.KEY WORDS: Reproduction, calling behavior, courtship, pheromone trap RESUMO -Leucoptera coffeella (Guérin-Mèneville) é praga-chave na cafeicultura; contudo, faltam informações sobre sua reprodução para o desenvolvimento de táticas de controle por comportamento. Este trabalho teve como objetivos determinar a periodicidade de cópulas; a periodicidade de captura dos machos e caracterizar o comportamento de acasalamento de L. coffeella. A periodicidade de acasalamento foi avaliada em laboratório com casais virgens de diferentes idades, zero a cinco dias após a emergência, individualizados em tubos transparentes. A periodicidade de captura foi avaliada em café cv. Catuaí, onde foram instaladas armadilhas Delta com dois atraentes: fêmeas virgens e septos de borracha impregnados com o feromônio sexual sintético. As etapas do comportamento de acasalamento foram descritas a partir de observação direta e de filmagens de casais virgens individualizados em tubos transparentes. Os acasalamentos ocorreram entre 4h e 6h da fotofase, onde as maiores freqüências envolveram casais com idades entre um e três dias da emergência, com pico de acasalamentos na quinta hora da fotofase. Os casais recém-emergidos ou velhos mostraram significativamente menor freqüência de cópulas e o pico dos acasalamentos antecipado em 1h. A maior captura ocorreu às 12:00h e 13:00h, nas armadilhas com fêmeas virgens e feromônio sexual sintético, respectivamente. Pelos resultados, L. coffeella é um inseto com acasalamento diurno e os comportamentos de chamamento e corte seguem o padrão encontrado em outr...

Optimum spacing of pheromone traps for monitoring the coffee leaf miner Leucoptera coffeella

“…A total of 549 traps were used in the experiment. The wind direction was determined by scoring displacement of smoke from a burning stick during the morning and the afternoon of the experiment, which coincides with the beginning and the end of the period of the day in which males fly (Michereff, 2000).…”

From Basic to Applied Knowledge: Larval Development and Sex Morphology to Control <em>Leucoptera coffeella</em> (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae)

“…Sexing CLM adults is important to conduct studies aiming the control of L. coffeella specimens in plantations using pheromones. The identification of males and females is essential to understand sexual behavior, sex-related mortality rates, and pheromone production (Notley 1948, Katiyar, K. P. & Ferrer, F. 1968, Michereff et al 2007, Malo et al 2009. Semiochemicals can be used to alter the natural reproductive behavior of insects, decreasing pest population levels (Cardé andMinks 1995, Dantas et al 2020).…”

“…Katiyar and Ferrer (1968) conducted a study with CLM adult breeding techniques, presenting a cage model and suggesting feeding to keep specimens in laboratory conditions. The sexual behavior of CLM adults has been described in detail by Michereff et al (2007). Malo et al (2009) conducted a study on the chemical composition of pheromones released by females of L. coffeella.…”

The coffee leaf miner, Leucoptera coffeella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae): identification of the larval instars and description of male and female genitalia

“…Katiyar and Ferrer (1968) conducted a study with CLM adult rearing techniques, presenting a cage model and suggesting feeding to keep specimens in laboratory conditions. The sexual behavior of CLM adults has been described in detail by Michereff et al (2007). Malo et al (2009) conducted a study on the chemical composition of pheromones released by females of L. coffeella.…”