Determinants of tobacco use by students

Abstract

OBJECTIVE Estimate the prevalence and determinants of tobacco use by students.METHODS This cross-sectional study, carried out between 2013 and 2014, evaluates 701 public school students between 10 and 79 years of age living in a city in the countryside of the State of Goias, Midwest of Brazil. A structured questionnaire collected the data and the predictor variables were demographic data, family nucleus, religion, physical activity practice, family functionality and parental smoking. Two multivariable models were implemented, the first for occasional tobacco use and the second for regular use, acquiring the measure of prevalence ratio (PR) and their respective 95%CI. Variables with p < 0.10 were included in Poisson regression models with robust variance to obtain the adjusted PR (adPR) and 95%CI. The Wald Chi-Squared test examined the differences between proportions, and values with p < 0.05 were statistically significant.RESULTS The prevalence of occasional and regular tobacco use were 33.4% (95%CI 29.8–36.9) and 6.7% (95%CI 5.0–8.8), respectively. The factors associated with occasional tobacco consumption were age of 15 to 17 years (adPR = 1.98) and above 18 years (adPR = 3.87), male gender (adPR = 1.23), moderate family dysfunction (adPR = 1.30), high family dysfunction (adPR = 1.97) and parental smoking (adPR = 1.60). In regards to regular consumption of tobacco, age above 18 years (adPR = 4.63), lack of religion (adPR = 2.08), high family dysfunction (adPR = 2.35) and parental smoking (adPR = 2.89) remained associated.CONCLUSIONS Students exhibit a high prevalence of occasional and regular tobacco use. This consumption relates to sociodemographic variables and family dysfunction.

Determinantes de saúde mental e abuso de substâncias psicoativas associadas ao tabagismo. Estudo de caso controle

“…The main evidence brought about by this study is the association with the smoking group of already known variables (both in the sociodemographic and mental illness realms, as well as those related to the use of other psychoactive and behavioral substances) and another as yet uninvestigated, relative to the family functionality, such as the score of the APGAR evaluation tool for HDF, corroborates mental health implications of the smoking population 26 . We also highlight the application of the context variable in the multiple analysis, in search for broader evidence about the studied phenomenon and control of possible bias.…”

“…Changes in family relationships occur because passive smokers tend to feel stressed and helpless in the family environment, as well as to adopt negative perceptions regarding the role played by relatives within the family system 42 . The opposite can also be seen when any dysfunction (mild, moderate or severe) in the family system makes individuals in this group more prone to the use of psychoactive substances, especially tobacco 26,43,44 . Studies with adolescents corroborate this finding by showing that the presence of smokers in the family environment encourages adolescents to use tobacco, either by reproducing tobacco-positive behavior due to exposure to cigarette smoke, resulting in increased sensitivity to nicotine dependence 43,45 .…”

Avaliação do Programa de Tratamento do Tabagismo do Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro em um munícipio do sudoeste de Minas Gerais

“…O cuidado integral compreende o acompanhamento contínuo e esclarecimento acerca das doenças crônicas na população, que tem como um dos principais fatores de risco, o tabagismo. Esse provoca seis milhões de mortes a cada ano no mundo, sendo responsável por 71% das mortes por neoplasias pulmonares, 42% das doenças respiratórias crônicas e 10% das doenças cardiovasculares (Vargas, et al, 2017). No Brasil, 428 pessoas morrem por dia devido à dependência à nicotina (Brasil, 2019b).…”

Validação de instrumentos sobre crenças e hábitos em relação ao tabagismo

“…Os adolescente e jovens adultos aparecem como grupos de grande vulnerabilidade diante do tabagismo, principalmente os estudantes (Vargas et al, 2017). A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS, 2017) estimou as taxas de prevalência do uso de tabaco em 31,1% para homens e 6,8% para mulheres, enquanto no Brasil, essas taxas são, respectivamente, 21% e 12% (Vargas et al, 2017).…”

“…Estudantes sem religião apresentam maior prevalência de consumo regular de tabaco, sendo a crença religiosa considerada um fator protetor. O estudo encontrou associação relevante entre disfuncionalidade familiar e consumo de tabaco, a partir do instrumento Apgar(Vargas et al, 2017…”