Cross-protection between experimental anti-leptospirosis bacterins

Dib, Cristina Corsi; Gonçales, Amane Paldês; Morais, Zenáide Maria de; Souza, Gisele Oliveira de; Miraglia, Fabiana; Abreu, Patrícia Antônia Estima; Vasconcellos, Sílvio Arruda

doi:10.1590/s1517-83822014000300042

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…In order to mimic the natural route of infection, all animals, except those from group CG Ϫ , were inoculated with Leptospira interrogans serovar Canicola strain LOCaS46 (400 bacteria/10 l) through the submucosal route in the cheek pouches under conditions of isofluorane sedation. For this strain, the 50% lethal dose (LD 50 ) ranges from 10 to 10,000 bacteria/l (28). The inoculation was done 24 h or 72 h after the initial treatment as follows: group BE 24 (n ϭ 18) was treated with 5% enrofloxacin administered i.m.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of a New Recrystallized Enrofloxacin Hydrochloride-Dihydrate against Leptospirosis in a Hamster Model

Carrascosa

Gutiérrez

Peña³

et al. 2017

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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A trial on Syrian hamsters () infected with serovar was established to compare treatment efficacies of daily intramuscular (i.m.) injections of either 10 mg/kg of 5% enrofloxacin (Baytril [BE]; Bayer Animal Health, Mexico) or the same dose of enrofloxacin hydrochloride-dihydrate (enro-C). Hamsters were experimentally infected via the oral submucosa with 400 microorganisms/animal, in a sequential time schedule aligned to the initial treatment day, and were treated in groups as follows: a group treated with 5% enrofloxacin daily for 7 days after 24 h of infection (group BE); a group treated as described for group BE but with enro-C (enro-C); a group also treated with 5% enrofloxacin but starting at 72 h after infection (BE); a group treated as described for group BE but with injection of enro-C (enro-C). An untreated-uninfected control group (group CG) and an infected-untreated control group (group CG) were assembled ( = 18 in all groups). Weights and temperatures of the hamsters were monitored daily for 28 days. After hamsters were euthanatized or following death, necropsy, histopathology, macroscopic agglutination tests (MAT), bacterial culture, and PCR were performed. The mortality rates were 38.8% in group BE and 100% in group BE No mortality was observed in group enro-C, and 11.1% mortality was recorded in group enro-C The mortality rates in groups CG and CG were 100% and zero, respectively. Combined necropsy and histopathologic findings revealed signs of septicemia and organ damage in groups BE, BE, and CG Groups enro-C and CG showed no lesions. Moderated lesions were registered in 3 hamsters in group enro-C MAT results were positive in 83.3% of BE hamsters (83.3%) and 100% of BE and CG hamsters; MAT results were positive in 16.7% in group Enro-C and 38.9% in group enro-C Only 4/18 were PCR positive in group enro-C and only 1 in group enro-C ( < 0.05). It can be concluded that enro-C may be a viable option to treat leptospirosis in hamsters and that this may be the case in other species.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of a New Recrystallized Enrofloxacin Hydrochloride-Dihydrate against Leptospirosis in a Hamster Model

Carrascosa

Gutiérrez

Peña³

et al. 2017

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Even those produced in the country use reference Leptospira strains, which are antigenically distinct from those in the field 7 and thus are incapable of promoting effective protection against disease, the infection or the establishment of the renal carrier state when the animals are exposed to local strains. 8 But it must be considered that the main objective of commercial vaccines for livestock is the reduction of reproductive problems. 9 In the test of the efficacy performed in hamsters of nine leptospirosis bacterins sold commercially in Brazil for the immunization of dogs, only two were effective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of leptospiral commercial vaccines on the protection against an autochtonous strain recovered in Brazil

Sonada

Azevêdo

Soto

et al. 2018

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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In swine and bovines, leptospirosis prevention and control is carried out via vaccination of susceptible animals using bacterins. However, the efficiency of leptospirosis vaccines has been questioned. This work aimed to investigate the potency of five leptospirosis vaccines sold commercially in Brazil, challenging the animals with one autochthonous strain of Leptospira, Canicola serovar, denoted LO4, isolated from swine. The standard protocol was followed, and renal carriers of Leptospira were identified among the surviving animals by culture and PCR. Of the five vaccines tested, only two proved effective. None of the surviving animals was positive by culture; however, one animal was positive by PCR. Three of the five vaccines sold commercially in Brazil for the immunization of swine or bovines failed the test of the efficacy to protect the vaccinated animals following challenge with an autochthonous Leptospira strain, Canicola serovar. The two vaccines provided protection against the renal carrier state in the surviving animals. The criteria used to produce leptospirosis bacterins sold commercially in Brazil must be reviewed. The industry should support researches on leptospiral vaccinology to improve the quality of the present vaccines and discover new immunogenic strains, because it is known that vaccination is one of the most important tools to increase the reproduction rates in livestock.

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“…that one serovar induces cross-protection against other serovars within the same serogroup but evidence, especially in pigs, is limited [9, 10]. The objective of the present study was to evaluate efficacy of the new combination vaccine Porcilis® Ery + Parvo + Lepto against nine different homologous as well as heterologous Leptospira serovar challenge strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel octavalent combined Erysipelas, Parvo and Leptospira vaccine provides (cross) protection against infection following challenge of pigs with 9 different Leptospira interrogans serovars

et al. 2015

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BackgroundIn the present study the efficacy and cross protection of a novel ready-to-use combination vaccine, Porcilis® Ery + Parvo + Lepto, against swine leptospirosis, was investigated. The octavalent vaccine contains inactivated antigens of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, Parvovirus and 6 Leptospira interrogans sensu lato strains of serogroups Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa, Australis (Bratislava), Pomona and Tarassovi. In this study ninety pigs were vaccinated twice with Porcilis® Ery + Parvo + Lepto at six and ten weeks of age and ninety age and source-matched animals served as unvaccinated control. Two weeks after booster vaccination, groups of vaccinated and control pigs (ten pigs per group) were challenged with fresh virulent cultures of either of the nine different challenge strains. Compared to the vaccine strains the challenge strains were heterologous strains of the same serovar or of a different serovar within the same serogroup. The challenge strains tested were of serovar Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Copenhageni (serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae), Grippotyphosa, Bananal/Liangguan (serogroup Grippotyphosa), Pomona, Tarassovi and Vughia (serogroup Tarassovi).ResultsAfter the different challenges most control animals became leptospiraemic for 2–7 days. The vaccinated pigs remained blood culture negative except for two animals after serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae and two animals after serovar Tarassovi challenge which became leptospiraemic for only 1 day. The incidence of Leptospiraemia (as determined by blood culture) was significantly less in vaccinates compared to the controls after all challenges. The vaccine also prevented renal infection and urinary shedding after serovar Canicola challenge. The other serovars did not induce detectable renal infection or urinary shedding.ConclusionThe present study demonstrates that the new combination vaccine Porcilis® Ery + Parvo + Lepto induces significant (cross) protection against nine different serovars within the serogroups Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa, Australis (Bratislava), Pomona and Tarassovi.

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Cross-protection between experimental anti-leptospirosis bacterins

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Efficacy of a New Recrystallized Enrofloxacin Hydrochloride-Dihydrate against Leptospirosis in a Hamster Model

Efficacy of a New Recrystallized Enrofloxacin Hydrochloride-Dihydrate against Leptospirosis in a Hamster Model

Efficacy of leptospiral commercial vaccines on the protection against an autochtonous strain recovered in Brazil

A novel octavalent combined Erysipelas, Parvo and Leptospira vaccine provides (cross) protection against infection following challenge of pigs with 9 different Leptospira interrogans serovars

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