Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Bacteroides fragilis group isolated from stool samples in North Lebanon

Yehya, Mariam; Hamzé, Monzer; Mallat, Hassan; Dabbousi, Fouad

doi:10.1590/s1517-83822013000300022

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In Iran, B. vulgatus (37%) and B. fragilis (30%) were found as the dominant species . In Lebanon , the predominant BFG species isolated from diarrheal and non‐diarrheal individuals were B. thetaiotaomicron (31.4%) and B. uniformis (23.5%), while another study from Brazil reported B. fragilis (57.9%) and B. vulgatus (12.3%) as the dominant species. The distribution of BFG bacteria differs according to the geographic region, sample collection method, isolation, and identification methodology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Antimicrobial resistance, prevalence of resistance genes, and molecular characterization in intestinal Bacteroides fragilis group isolates

Kouhsari

Mohammadzadeh

Kashanizadeh³

et al. 2019

APMIS

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Since the level of antimicrobial resistance in Bacteroides fragilis has increased, monitoring the antimicrobial susceptibility could be necessary. The objectives of this study were to (i) investigate the prevalence of species, the occurrence of reduced antimicrobial susceptibility (E‐test method), and antibiotic resistance genes in the B. fragilis group and (ii) evaluate the prevalence of enterotoxigenic B. fragilis and the distribution of bft gene subtypes in hospitalized patients. As many as 475 isolates out of 250 stool samples were detected to be B. fragilis group by using conventional biochemical tests (API‐32A system) and multiplex‐PCR. In addition, 48.2%, 13.9%, 76.6%, and 1.2% of B. fragilis group isolates were resistant (according to EUCAST breakpoint) to piperacillin‐tazobactam, meropenem, clindamycin, and metronidazole, respectively. Six metronidazole‐resistant strains were isolated; B. fragilis (n: 3), B. thetaiotaomicron, B. vulgates, and B. ovatus. The presence of the cfiA, cepA, ermF, and nim genes was observed in 3.8%, 15.9%, 34.1%, and 0.7% of the B. fragilis isolates, respectively. One hundred thirty‐two B. fragilis isolates (27.8%)and 21 B fragilis isolates (15.9%) turned out to be bft gene positive by multiplex‐PCR; eleven isolates (52.4%) harbored bft‐1, eight isolates (38%) harbored bft‐2 isotypes, and two isolates (9.5%) harbored bft‐3 isotype (16.66%). These bacteria harbor antimicrobial resistance genes that could be transferred to other susceptible intestinal strains. Further investigations on lineage analysis are needed for a better understanding of these bacteria in Iran.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Antimicrobial resistance, prevalence of resistance genes, and molecular characterization in intestinal Bacteroides fragilis group isolates

Kouhsari

Mohammadzadeh

Kashanizadeh³

et al. 2019

APMIS

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“…Bacteroides fragilis, together with H. pylori, is the prokaryote in which metronidazole resistance has been most extensively studied. This is somewhat surprising considering resistance rates are very low (about 1%) (Urbán et al 2002;Aldridge et al 2003;Hedberg and Nord, 2003;Sóki et al 2013;Snydman et al 2017), although alarmingly high metronidazole resistance rates (between 5 and 10%) have been reported in the UK (Brazier et al 1999), Brazil (Vieira et al 2006), Lebanon (Yehya et al 2014) and Pakistan (Sheikh et al 2015). Of great interest, however, is a metronidazole resistance mechanism, possibly specific for B. fragilis and still incompletely understood: Nim protein-mediated resistance.…”

Section: Parasites: G Lambliamentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on metronidazole: an old warhorse in antimicrobial chemotherapy

Leitsch

2017

Parasitology

105

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The 5-nitroimidazole drug metronidazole has remained the drug of choice in the treatment of anaerobic infections, parasitic as well as bacterial, ever since its development in 1959. In contrast to most other antimicrobials, it has a pleiotropic mode of action and reacts with a large number of molecules. Importantly, metronidazole, which is strictly speaking a prodrug, needs to be reduced at its nitro group in order to become toxic. Reduction of metronidazole, however, only takes place under very low concentrations of oxygen, explaining why metronidazole is exclusively toxic to microaerophilic and anaerobic microorganisms. In general, resistance rates amongst the pathogens treated with metronidazole have remained low until the present day. Nevertheless, metronidazole resistance does occur, and for the treatment of some pathogens, especially Helicobacter pylori, metronidazole has become almost useless in some parts of the world. This review will give an account on the current status of research on metronidazole's mode of action, metronidazole resistance in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and on other 5-nitroimidazoles in use.

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“…16 It is the most common anaerobe that causes bacteremia. B. caccae is a member of the B. fragilis group, 17 and it is a major component of the normal flora in the body that colonize the gastrointestinal tract. 18 , 19 It is also a conditional pathogen; therefore, when the intestinal mucosa of the host is damaged, it may invade the blood and cause bloodstream infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bloodstream infection caused by Bacteroides caccae in a patient with renal hypertension: a case report

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2021

J Int Med Res

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Bacteroides caccae is an anaerobic bacterium with a reportedly high isolation rate; however, it rarely causes bloodstream infections. Patients with hypertension are at increased risk of developing anaerobic bacterial infection. In this study, we report a case of bacteremia caused by B. caccae in a patient with renal hypertension and gastrointestinal hemorrhage. This study describes the clinical manifestations of bloodstream infection involving B. caccae to provide guidance for laboratory technicians and clinicians. A 42-year-old Chinese man was admitted for gastrointestinal hemorrhage and subsequently diagnosed with anaerobic blood infection. The pathogenic bacteria isolated from anaerobic blood culture bottles were identified as B. caccae by using an automatic bacterial identification instrument and mass spectrometry (MS). B. caccae is an intestinal opportunistic pathogen that can invade the intestinal mucosa and cause anaerobic bloodstream infection. Two or more sets of blood cultures and MS identification can greatly improve the positive detection rate of blood cultures of anaerobic bacteria. Furthermore, the increased drug resistance of anaerobic bacteria necessitates drug sensitivity tests for anaerobic bacteria in many hospitals. Thus, the early prevention and control of primary diseases with appropriate diagnoses and timely anti-infection therapies are necessary to reduce B. caccae bloodstream infection.

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Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Bacteroides fragilis group isolated from stool samples in North Lebanon

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Antimicrobial resistance, prevalence of resistance genes, and molecular characterization in intestinal Bacteroides fragilis group isolates

Antimicrobial resistance, prevalence of resistance genes, and molecular characterization in intestinal Bacteroides fragilis group isolates

A review on metronidazole: an old warhorse in antimicrobial chemotherapy

Bloodstream infection caused by Bacteroides caccae in a patient with renal hypertension: a case report

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