Interspecific variation of the bacterial community structure in the phyllosphere of the three major plant components of mangrove forests

Abstract

Mangrove forests encompass a group of trees species that inhabit the intertidal zones, where soil is characterized by the high salinity and low availability of oxygen. The phyllosphere of these trees represent the habitat provided on the aboveground parts of plants, supporting in a global scale, a large and complex microbial community. The structure of phyllosphere communities reflects immigration, survival and growth of microbial colonizers, which is influenced by numerous environmental factors in addition to leaf physical and chemical properties. Here, a combination of culture-base methods with PCR-DGGE was applied to test whether local or plant specific factors shape the bacterial community of the phyllosphere from three plant species (Avicenia shaueriana, Laguncularia racemosa and Rhizophora mangle), found in two mangroves. The number of bacteria in the phyllosphere of these plants varied between 3.62 x 104 in A. schaeriana and 6.26 x 103 in R. mangle. The results obtained by PCR-DGGE and isolation approaches were congruent and demonstrated that each plant species harbor specific bacterial communities in their leaves surfaces. Moreover, the ordination of environmental factors (mangrove and plant species), by redundancy analysis (RDA), also indicated that the selection exerted by plant species is higher than mangrove location on bacterial communities at phyllosphere.

Illumina-MiSeq analysis of fungi in acid lime roots reveals dominance of Fusarium and variation in fungal taxa

“…For example, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi produce a substance called glomalin that improves soil structure, stabilizes soil aggregates and prepares more favorable structure for root growth 2 . Different plant genotypes and cultivars can be favorable for various saprophytic and pathogenic microorganisms 2 , 3 .…”

Intraspecific variation on epiphytic bacterial community from Laguncularia racemosa phylloplane

“…The phylloplane of L. racemosa in the studied conditions was mainly composed of the bacterial classes Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Flavobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cytophagia, Clostridia, Bacilli, and Oscillatoriophycideae. These groups are characteristic of the mangrove microbiota and are important in the ecological maintenance of this biome [21,[27][28][29][30][31].…”

“…Proteobacteria is the dominant phylum on the leaf surface and in marine environments [28,32,33], followed by the phylum Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Cyanobacteria [28,[31][32][33][34]. In mangroves, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were associated with important biogeochemical transformations [27] while Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria were linked with nitrogen transformations [27].…”

Filosfera de citros sob manejo convencional e ecológico: estrutura da comunidade bacteriana e monitoramento de cobre

“…A filosfera é definida como a região superficial da planta habitada pela comunidade microbiana, sendo considerada um dos maiores ambientes colonizados por micro-organismos, comportando até 10 26 células na área total (Lindow and Brandl, 2003;Farré-Armengol et al, 2016). Representado em maior parte pelo tecido foliar, esse microambiente está sujeito à constante variabilidade ambiental e nutricional, sendo considerado um ambiente hostil e oligotrófico (Dias et al, 2012;Allard et al, 2016). Comunidades bacterianas associadas às folhas podem promover benefícios fisiológicos e ecológicos, diminuindo sua susceptibilidade a estresses e ataques de patógenos; produzindo hormônios de crescimento para a planta; e participando de ciclos biogeoquímicos (Peñuelas e Terradas, 2014).…”