Tuberculosis determined by Mycobacterium bovis in captive waterbucks (Kobus ellipsiprymnus) in São Paulo, Brazil

Rocha, V.C.M.; Corrêa, S.H.R.; Oliveira, E.M.D.; Rodriguez, C.A.R.; Fedullo, J.D.; Matrone, M.; Setzer, A.; Ikuta, C.Y.; Vejarano, M.P.; Figueiredo, S.M.; Neto, J.S. Ferreira

doi:10.1590/s1517-83822011000200040

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In Brazil, little is known about tuberculosis occurrence in wild animals; most of the published data refer to case reports, most of them about wild animals living in captivity (Mayer, Artigalás et al., ; Murakami, ; Rocha et al., ). The study of infectious agents in free‐ranging animals may be informative, as the Brazilian fauna has high diversity of wildlife species, besides exotic species such as the wild boar ( Sus scrofa ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis in Southern Brazilian wild boars (Sus scrofa): First epidemiological findings

Maciel

Loiko

Bueno

et al. 2017

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a zoonosis caused mainly by Mycobacterium bovis that affects domestic and wild animals. In Brazil, there are no epidemiological studies on tuberculosis in wild animal populations and their possible role in the disease maintenance in cattle herds; thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of tuberculosis in wild boars in Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. Tissue samples of animals hunted under government consent were submitted to histopathology and M. bovis polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as screening tests; the positive samples were subsequently submitted to bacterial isolation, the gold standard diagnosis. Eighty animals were evaluated, of which 27.9% and 31.3% showed histopathological changes and M. bovis genome presence, respectively. Moreover, 23.8% of the animals had at least one organ with isolates classified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC). Three hunting points were risk factors for positive results on screening tests. This study shows the occurrence of tuberculosis in a wild boars' population, and raise the possibility of these animals to play a role as disease reservoirs in southern Brazil. These results may help to improve the Brazilian tuberculosis control programme, as well as elucidate the circulation of mycobacteria in this country.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis in Southern Brazilian wild boars (Sus scrofa): First epidemiological findings

Maciel

Loiko

Bueno

et al. 2017

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…Although cattle and wildlife were separated by a fence, escape and mixing of animals in both enclosures were reportedly common events. Alternatively, pathogen introduction may have occurred with the acquisition of specimens of infected wild animals, since TB cases occur in wild animals in captivity in Brazil (Ikuta et al., 2018; Murakami et al., 2012; Rocha et al., 2011; Zimpel et al., 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Brazil, despite the rare bTB detection in free‐ranging wildlife (Maciel et al., 2018), reports of M. bovis infecting captive wild animals are frequent (Ikuta et al., 2018; Murakami, Monego, Ho, Gibson, De Castro Vilani et al., 2012; Rocha et al., 2011; Zimpel et al., 2017). The source of infection to these zoo animals, however, remains elusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic analysis of an outbreak of bovine tuberculosis in a man‐made multi‐host species system: A call for action on wildlife in Brazil

Lima

Zimpel

Patané

et al. 2021

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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We report on a 15‐year‐long outbreak of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in wildlife from a Brazilian safari park. A timeline of diagnostic events and whole‐genome sequencing (WGS) of 21 Mycobacterium bovis isolates from deer and llamas were analyzed. Accordingly, from 2003 to 2018, at least 16 animals, from eight species, died due to TB, which is likely an underestimated number. In three occasions since 2013, the deer presented positive tuberculin tests, leading to the park closure and culling of all deer. WGS indicated that multiple M. bovis strains were circulating, with at least three founding introductions since the park inauguration in 1977. Using a previously sequenced dataset of 71 M. bovis genomes from cattle, we found no recent transmission events between nearby farms and the park based on WGS. Lastly, by discussing socio‐economic and environmental factors escaping current regulatory gaps that were determinant of this outbreak, we pledge for the development of a plan to report and control bTB in wildlife in Brazil.

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“…At the Audubon Zoo, New Orleans, there was an outbreak of bTB, which caused the death of four white rhinos (Ceratotherium simum) and two white colobus monkeys (Colobus guereza caudatus). An outbreak of bTB resulted in the infection of a Mayotte lemur (Lemur mayottensis mayottensis), a lion-tailed macaque (Macacus silenus), a foot monkey (Erythrocebus patas) and a siamang (Symphalangus syndactylus) at Dublin Zoo (Rocha et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Brazil, at Zoo Safari, which is part of the São Paulo Zoological Foundation, State of São Paulo, a pair of pivas (Kobus ellipsiprymnus) showed symptoms of bTB; the diagnosis being confirmed by necropsy (Rocha et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine tuberculosis in safari park in Brazil

et al. 2021

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Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis, affecting domestic animals, wild animals and humans. In captivity, for wild animals, bTB represents a risk to animal keepers and zoo visitors, in addition to the possibility of spreading the infection to domestic animals or through the trade of infected wild animals. Sambar (Cervus unicolor), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and fallow deer (Dama dama) from a safari park in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, showed a clinical condition of dyspnea and weight loss. Some animals died and showed lesions suggestive of tuberculosis (LST), which were confirmed by histopathology. After the interdiction of the safari park by the state veterinary authorities, 281 deer were euthanized with the authorization of the “Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis” (IBAMA). Retropharyngeal and submandibular lymph nodes and viscera were collected from 21 animals, which were grown in Stonebrink medium for up to 90 days. After DNA extraction from the bacterial colonies, PCR was performed for targets flanking the region of differentiation 4 (RD4). Of the 21 samples, 14 (66.7%) presented LST with a granulomatous appearance, a whitish coloration, and caseous or calcified consistency, and seven samples (33.3%), showed no lesions. In the culture of 14 samples with LST, 13 (92.8%) presented bacterial growth compatible with M. bovis. In the cultivation of the seven samples without LST, four (57.1%) presented colonies compatible with M. bovis. PCR and DNA sequencing of the PCR amplicons detected as positive all the 17 (100%) bacteriological cultures suggestive of M. bovis, thus confirming the outbreak of bTB in deer. Decisions about positive tested and suspicious animals should be taken based on the evaluation of the risk of transmission to the rest of the zoological animals, animal welfare, conservation considerations and, the zoonotic potential of this pathogen.

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Tuberculosis determined by Mycobacterium bovis in captive waterbucks (Kobus ellipsiprymnus) in São Paulo, Brazil

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Tuberculosis in Southern Brazilian wild boars (Sus scrofa): First epidemiological findings

Tuberculosis in Southern Brazilian wild boars (Sus scrofa): First epidemiological findings

Genomic analysis of an outbreak of bovine tuberculosis in a man‐made multi‐host species system: A call for action on wildlife in Brazil

Bovine tuberculosis in safari park in Brazil

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