Detection of quinolone-resistance mutations in Salmonella spp. strains of epidemic and poultry origin

Abstract

Mutations into codons Aspartate-87 (62%) and Serine-83 (38%) in QRDR of gyrA were identified in 105 Salmonella strains resistant to nalidixic acid (94 epidemic and 11 of poultry origin). The results show a high incidence of mutations associated to quinolone resistance but suggest association with others mechanisms of resistance.

Occurrence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella serotypes isolates recovered from poultry of Western Paran, Brazil

“…The presence of the main serotype, S. enteritidis in poultry was also confirmed by other researchers in various regions of Brazil, such as Paraná (Souza et al, 2011), São Paulo (Hofer et al, 1998;Lima et al, 2009), Bahia, Ceará, Goiás, Paraná, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul e Santa Catarina (Kanashiro et al, 2005), Rio Grande do Sul (Ribeiro et al, 2007) and the other states in the Northeast (Duarte et al, 2009). Similarly, in other countries, the occurrence of S. enteritidis isolated from broilers in Portugal (Antunes et al, 2003), Spain (Fernandez -Rubio et al, 2009) Lithuania (Ruzauskas et al, 2005) and United States (Burkholder et al, 2008) was observed.…”

“…The serotypes isolated from broiler litter were found by Andreatti who reported S. enteritidis, S. infants and S. kentuky present in broiler litter in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, and also Souza et al (2011) who researched the resistance profile of quinolones against strains of Salmonella isolated from poultry farms in Paraná and found out that out of the 123 isolates, 90 belonged to S. enteritidis.…”

“…For example, a few studies were found reporting the isolation of salmonella serotypes with high-level resistance in Brazil (Silva and Duarte, 2002;Cardoso et al, 2006;Ribeiro et al, 2007;Souza et al, 2011), Spain (Carramiñana et al, 2004), Lithuania (Ruzauskas et al, 2005), Nigeria (Okolli et al, 2006), United States (Alali et al, 2010) and Greece (Sakaridis et al, 2011). These studies reported that Salmonella from poultry source are resistant to a wide range of antimicrobials and confirmed that poultry are important reservoirs of multidrug-resistant Salmonella.…”

Molecular studies on antimicrobial resistance genes in salmonella isolated from poultry flocks in Egypt

“…The results in this study nearly in coordinated with Reyna et al, (1995) who stated that double and triple combinatorial mutations involving residues 83 and 87 of gyrA are associated with much higher resistance levels than those of single mutations and Hirose et al, (2002) who reported a single mutation in the gyrA gene, at either position 83 or 87 of gyrA in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi and Serovar Paratyphi A and double mutations in the gyrA gene at both position 83 and position 87 of gyrA in strains with highlevel resistance to Fluoroquinolones induced by in vitro selection with ciprofloxacin. The mutations (Ser83Phe and/or Asp87Gly) were previously recorded in many reference Salmonella strains and also in strains isolated from food and domestic or wild birds as reported by (Reyna et al, 1995;Hirose et al, 2002 andDe Souza et al, 2011).…”

Susceptibility to patterns of ciprofloxacin among nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella isolates collected in Banepa, Nepal from enteric fever patients

“…2 Ciprofloxacin is synthetic antimicrobial agent commonly prescribed against enteric fever belongs to second generation 4-quinolones which is also known as fluoroquinolones and acts by inhibiting bacterial Topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) which is required for DNA supercoiling and Topoisomerase IV which is required for strand separation during cell division. 3 The wide spread use of ciprofloxacin in recent years (2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012), several treatment failures have also been reported due to decreased susceptibility of ciprofloxacin. 4,5 Generally, a single mutation (Ser-83 to Phe or Ser-83 to Tyr) in gyr A was associated with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (MIC 0.125-1 mg/L) and nalidixic acid resistant.…”