Detection of putative periodontal pathogens in subgingival specimens of dogs

Abstract

In this study, the presence of putative periodontal organisms, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythensis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Dialister pneumosintes, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Campylobacter rectus, Eikenella corrodens and Treponema denticola were examined from subgingival samples of 40 dogs of different breeds with (25) and without (15) periodontitis, by using the PCR method. The PCR products of each species showed specific amplicons. Of the 25 dogs with periodontitis, P. gingivalis was detected in 16 (64%) samples, C. rectus in 9 (36%), A. actinomycetemcomitans in 6 (24%), P. intermedia in 5 (20%), T. forsythensis in 5 (20%), F. nucleatum in 4 (16%) and E. corrodens in 3 (12%). T. denticola and D. pneumosintes were not detected in clinical samples from dogs with periodontitis. Moreover, P. gingivalis was detected only in one (6.66%) crossbred dog without periodontitis. Our results show that these microorganisms are present in periodontal microbiota of dogs with periodontitits, and it is important to evaluate the role of these putative periodontal microorganisms play in the periodontitis in household pets particularly, dogs in ecologic and therapeutic terms, since these animals might acquire these periodontopahogens from their respective owners.

Presence of Porphyromonas and Prevotella species in the oral microflora of cattle with periodontitis

“…Other species such as P. intermedia, P. melaninogenica and P. loescheii have been isolated from healthy periodontal sites and their populations and occurrence are significantly higher in patients and periodontal sites presenting conjunctive attachment loss (Darout 2014, Dahlén et al 2014, Amaliya et al 2015. Similar results have been described in other host species, as in cats (Pérez-Salcedo et al 2015) and in dogs (Hardham et al 2005, Nishiyama et al 2007, Riggio et al 2011, Senhorinho et al 2011. Bovine periodontitis occurs under specific epidemiological conditions and is predominantly associated with presence of anaerobic bacterial microflora in subgingival biofilm, especially by black-pigmented Bacteroides, Fusobacterium and other microorganisms .…”

“…Different species of Porphyromonas and Prevotella were identified in dogs with periodontitis; among them were Porphyromonas gingivalis, P. endodontalis, P. gulae, P. cangingivalis, P. denticanis, P. salivosa, Prevotella intermedia (Hardham et al 2005, Nishiyama et al 2007, Riggio et al 2011, Senhorinho et al 2011, while Porphyromonas spp., P. gulae and Tannerella forsythia (Booij-Vrieling et al 2010) were identified in cats with periodontal disease. In other animal species, like non-human primates, the species of the two genera prevailed and in individuals with periodontal inflammation and attachment loss (Holt & Ebersole 2005).…”

“…P. intermedia is the black-pigmented most frequently isolated from suppurative infections such as periodontal abscesses and apical periodontitis, in addition to extra-oral infection (Mättö et al 1997, Herrera et al 2000, Jaramillo et al 2005. Prevotella intermedia and Prevotella nigrescens are not distinguished by conventional methods of cultivation identification (Ashimoto et al 1996, Nishiyama et al 2007). On the other hand, PCR use enabled to evidence that P. intermedia is associated with bovine periodontitis, while P. nigrescens did not demonstrate significant values.…”

“…In pet animals, these microorganisms were also identified in the oral microflora of cats with or without periodontal disease (Mallonee et al 1988, Love et al 1989, Love et al 1990) as well as in periodontal pockets of dogs (Hardham et al 2005, Nishiyama et al 2007, Riggio et al 2011, Senhorinho et al 2011). The two genera are likely to predominate in lesions of bovine periodontitis (Blobel et al 1987) and in sheep with "broken mouth" (McCourtie et al 1989, Duncan et al 2003.…”

Molecular-level evaluation of selected periodontal pathogens from subgingival regions in canines and humans with periodontal disease

“…Regardless, in the course of numerous studies, various micro-organisms have been isolated that originate from the subgingival region and actively contribute to the onset of periodontitis [26]. The aim of this study was to identify the anaerobic bacteria that colonize the subgingival regions in both dogs and humans, and to compare the results obtained in each species.…”