Terapia celular em doenças pulmonares: existem perspectivas?

Abstract

Células-tronco; terapia celular; pulmão; doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC); enfisema; fibrose cística. Introdução: células-tronco e terapia celular Células indiferenciadas que apresentam capacidade de autoduplicação e de dar origem a células diferenciadas são denominadas células-tronco (CT). 1 Melton e Cowan (2004) propuseram uma working definition de CT: "Uma entidade clonal autorrenovável, que é pluripotente e pode dar origem a vários tipos de células diferenciadas". 2 Apesar de variações conceituais, há dois aspectos básicos e comuns presentes nas mais diferentes definições de CT:

Cell Therapy in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: State of the Art and Perspectives

“…Both in humans and in animal models, the literature reports consistent data with evidence for the existence of stained SC from the bone marrow in lungs after bone marrow transplant (Bittmann et al ., 2001;Kotton et al, 2001;Krause et al, 2001;Lama et al, 2007;Ribeiro_Paes et al, 2009;Schrepfer et al, 2007;Suratt et al, 2003;Yamada et al, 2004). At different experimental situations, these and others classical works have shown evidence for the migration of SC to the lung and have provided the theoretical reference which gives grounds for the idea of employing cell therapy in the regeneration of pulmonary tissue.…”

“…Therefore, it may be concluded that chief characteristic of COPD is the acceleration of functional and morphologic loss, with limitation of gas exchanges, resulting in progressive dyspnea, disability and premature death. Therefore, the development and progression of the pathology are resulting from the interaction of genetic and environmental factors (Ribeiro-Paes et al, 2009). About 1-3% of cases of emphysema are generated by enzyme α1-antitrypsin deficiency, that characterizes a genetic abnormality as an inheritance of autossomal recessive pattern.…”

“…Smoking, however, has been established as the major cause related with COPD, resulting for active or passive exposure to the cigarette smoke, and corresponds to 15-20% of cases of www.intechopen.com pulmonary emphysema (Ribeiro-Paes et al, 2009). The cigarette smoke in their gas and particle stages has a significant quantity of oxidant substances.…”

“…The surgery treatment entails highly complex procedures and, in the specific case of lung transplant, a shortage of donors. By taking these aspects into account, experimental models have been proposed, in order to advance the knowledge about the physiopathological processes and new therapeutic approaches to the pulmonary emphysema (Gross et al, 1965;Hele, 2002;Mahadeva & Shapiro, 2002;Martorana et al, 1989;Nikula et al, 2000;Ribeiro-Paes et al, 2009). …”

Terapia celular em modelo experimental do enfisema pulmonar induzido por meio de fumaça de cigarro.

“…Desta forma, muitos modelos animais de DPOC têm sido propostos por diferentes grupos de pesquisadores que buscam uma maior compreensão da fisiopatologia, bem como alternativas que sejam eficazes no tratamento do enfisema (Cazzola et al, 2007;Faria et al, 2012;Fusco et al, 2002;GOLD, 2009;Gross et al, 1965;Hele, 2002;Hyatt et al, 2000;Longhini-dos-Santos et al, 2013;Mahadeva, Shapiro, 2002;Martorana et al, 1989;Nikula et al , 2000;Ribeiro-Paes et al, 2009, 2011, 2012.…”