Linking dietary energy and skeletal development in the horse

Staniar, W.B.

doi:10.1590/s1516-35982010001300016

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…1999). Results of more recent studies suggest that feeding diets composed of nutrients that are less likely to cause spikes in circulating glucose and insulin concentrations could minimise episodes of very rapid growth that are thought to contribute to abnormal bone development (Staniar 2010). In addition, some researchers predict that maintaining foals on diets that promote high circulating concentrations of glucose and insulin contributes to the development of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome later in life (George et al .…”

Section: The Long‐term Effect Of Nutrition On Growth and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding the foal for immediate and long‐term health

Bečvářová

Buechner-Maxwell

2012

Equine Veterinary Journal

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SummaryThe nutrition and nutritional status of the mare, as well as foal's nutrient intake from colostrum, milk and creep feed, are critical factors that are known to influence the growth period of the foal. Long-term effects of mare and foal nutrition are not well recognised or understood in the horse but may have the greatest impact on the animal's health and use when mature. Both under-and overfeeding can negatively influence important characteristics such as bone development and neurological function. The risk of developing debilitating diseases such as metabolic syndrome may also be increased by mare, fetal and early foal feeding, supporting the importance of providing a balanced diet to mare and foal throughout gestation and beyond.

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Section: The Long‐term Effect Of Nutrition On Growth and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding the foal for immediate and long‐term health

Bečvářová

Buechner-Maxwell

2012

Equine Veterinary Journal

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“…Equine skeletal development is significantly influenced by nutritional related factors (Staniar 2010). Hauschka et al (1983) were one of the first research groups to speculate the importance of osteocalcin to bone metabolism.…”

Section: Osteocalcin and Bone Metabolism And Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin K and equine osteocalcin: an enigma explored

Skinner¹

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Vitamin K has received considerably less attention over the past 50 years compared to other fat soluble vitamins. Intakes of vitamin K beyond that required for normal blood coagulation were believed to confer no additional benefits, and therefore rarely investigated. The requirements and physiological role of vitamin K appeared to be secure. This view of vitamin K has changed recently following the delineation of its cofactor role in protein carboxylation, and the growing awareness of its interactions with other essential metabolic functions, beyond that of blood coagulation; there is much to be discovered. At present, seventeen vitamin Kdependent proteins (VKDPs) have been characterised, but the functionality of some still remains to be elucidated. Vitamin K has recently been implicated in osteoarthritis and accumulating evidence from human studies supports a protective role for vitamin K. To date however, little research into the role vitamin K may play in equine bone development exists. Developmental orthopaedic disease (DOD) is a term that encompasses a number of bone related conditions in the horse. It is a significant cause of lameness and wastage in a number of breeds, in particular Thoroughbreds and Warmbloods. It has clinical features in common with that of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis in the elderly. The VKDP osteocalcin is one of the few that has been extensively studied in humans and rodents. Located within bone, this protein plays a vital role in bone metabolism, facilitating the binding of bone minerals with protein. Decreased functionality of this protein has been found to be associated with increased fracture risk and osteoporosis in humans. The studies in this program were initiated to establish the relationship between vitamin K status and the development of DOD in foals. As bone development begins in utero, the first step was to examine placental transfer of the vitamin and then determine availability to the foal through milk. It was found in the initial experiments (Chapter 3), that foals at birth, had negligible concentrations of vitamin K1 (<0.01ng/mL) in both umbilical cord and foal plasma. The results clearly demonstrated that there is limited trans-placental transfer of vitamin K in the horse. It was also shown that milk can be enriched with vitamin K by supplementation of the mare with the vitamin. These studies confirmed that plasma concentrations were not a reliable measure of overall vitamin K status. Circulating osteocalcin and, its carboxylation status, has been proposed as one of the indicators of vitamin K status and a 'biomarker' of bone metabolism. Current assays available to measure Publications included in this thesis "No publications included". v

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