Valores de energia metabolizável de alguns alimentos obtidos com aves de diferentes idades

Abstract

RESUMO -Foram realizados quatro ensaios de metabolismo com a finalidade de determinar a energia metabolizável aparente (EMA) e a energia metabolizável aparente corrigida (EMAn) de dez alimentos em aves em diversas idades. Os alimentos testados foram: milho, farelo de soja, sorgo, farelo de trigo, farelo de arroz integral, duas farinhas de penas, duas farinhas de vísceras e plasma sangüíneo. Utilizou-se o método de coleta total de excretas, em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com 11 tratamentos (dez alimentos e uma ração-referência) e seis repetições. No primeiro ensaio, foram utilizados 528 pintos de corte machos de 10 a 17 dias de idade, totalizando oito aves por repetição; no segundo ensaio, 396 frangos de corte machos de 26 a 33 dias de idade, com seis aves por repetição; no terceiro ensaio, 264 frangos de corte machos de 40 a 47 dias de idade, com quatro aves por repetição; e, no quarto ensaio, 132 galos, com duas aves por repetição.A idade das aves influenciou os valores de EMA e EMAn do farelo de soja, do sorgo, do farelo de arroz integral, das farinhas de penas e do plasma sangüíneo, enquanto, para o farelo de trigo, teve efeito apenas sobre a EMAn.Palavras-chave: composição química, energia metabolizável aparente, frangos de corte Metabolizable energy values of feedstuffs obtained from poultry at different agesABSTRACT -Four assays were carried out to determine the apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and the corrected apparent nitrogen metabolizable energy (AMEn) of ten feeds for poultry at different poultry ages. The feeds studied were:corn grain, soybean meal, ground sorghum, wheat bran, integral rice bran, two kinds of feather meal, two kinds of poultry viscera meal and spray-dried plasma. The method of total excreta collection was used to determine the AME and AMEn values. The broiler chicks were distributed on a completely randomized experimental design, with 11 treatments, six replications, with different number of animals by replication according to the assay. In the first assay, 528 male broiler chicks in the period from 10 to 17 days of age were used, with eight animals per replication. In the second assay, 396 male broiler chicks in the period from 26 to 33 days of age were used, with six animals per replication. In the third assay, 264 male broiler chicks in the period from 40 to 47 days of age were used, with four animals per replication. In the fourth assay, 132 roosters were used, with two animals per replicate. There was an effect of age on the AME and AMEn values of the following feeds: soybean meal, ground sorghum, integral rice bran, two kinds of feather meal and spray-dried plasma, where the oldest broilers provided the highest AME and AMEn values. Wheat bran was affected by age only for the AMEn values.Key Words: apparent metabolizable energy, broilers, chemical composition IntroduçãoO consumo de carne de frango no Brasil apresentou nos anos de 1986 a 2006 crescimento de aproximadamente 400% (UBA, 2006). O conhecimento da composição química e energética dos ingredie...

Values of Metabolizable Energy and Metabolization of Nutrients for Slow- and Fast-growing Birds at Different Ages

“…Small variations were observed in the energy content of the tested feedstuffs (Table 2) relative to literature reports (Brito et al, 2005;Generoso et al, 2008;Mello et al, 2009). Total amino acids content of the tested feedstuffs (Table 3) were consistent with those observed by Freitas et al (2005) and Rostagno et al (2011).…”

“…However, Mello et al (2009) observed that age-dependent changes in AME content were not observed in corn, wheat bran, or poultry by product meal despite an age-dependent increase in AME and AMEn values detected in other feedstuffs (sorghum, soybean meal, and blood plasma). These results suggest that the energy use of birds of different ages changes according to how feedstuffs are processed by the digestive enzymes at the different stages of the bird's life.…”

Poultry viscera and bone meal in broiler pre-starter and starter diets

“…Diets containing broiler viscera meal based on ideal or crude protein concept resulted in better performance for broilers of 43 to 49 days of age (Cancherini et al, 2004). Apparent metabolizable energy values determined for young broilers can be 100 kcal higher than the ones observed for 40-day-old broilers and cockerels (Mello et al, 2009).…”

Effect of corn oil on the digestibility and economic viability of broiler chicken feed, and on the bromatological composition of breast meat

“…Since the second half of the twentieth century poultry production has expanded, and this increase in production and efficiency has been mainly driven by the lower final cost of chicken meat compared to beef and pork, combined with the ease of packaging, transport, distribution, and exhibition of product (MENDES;SALDANHA, 2004).…”

“…Knowledge of the chemical and energy composition of the ingredients used in feed is essential in order to produce diet programs with adequate nutritional levels that meet the requirements of the animals, without containing too much or too little energy, and that allow for maximum productivity (MELLO et al, 2009). The main concern in the preparation of feed for broilers is to provide the right amount of energy for the birds, and for this, we need to know the energy content of the foods and the amount of AMEn (FREITAS et al, 2006).…”