Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in the urban population aged 30-69 years in Ribeirão Preto (São Paulo), Brazil

Abstract

CONTEXT: Diabetes mellitus prevalence has been increasing worldwide due to factors like lifestyle changes and higher life expectancy. The Brazilian Multicenter Study performed between 1986 and 1988 evaluated the prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance. OBJECTIVE:To assess the prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in the urban population aged 30-69 years of the city of Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. TYPE OF STUDY:A two-stage, cross-sectional home survey. SETTING:Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. PARTICIPANTS:A random sample of 1,473 individuals. METHODS:The sample plan was drawn up using a sampling scheme of stage conglomerates according to sex, age and family head income. Subjects were first screened by fasting capillary glycemia (FCG). Those that screened positive (FCG 100 mg/dl) and every seventh consecutive person who screened negative (FCG < 100 mg/dl) was submitted to a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. The diagnosis of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance were based on World Health Organization criteria. RESULTS:The overall rates of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance were 12.1 and 7.7%, respectively. Men and women had similar rates of diabetes (12.0 vs. 12.1%) and impaired glucose tolerance (7.9 vs. 7.3%). Differences in the rates for whites (11.6%) and nonwhites (13.3%) for diabetes were not significant, while impaired glucose tolerance was more prevalent among whites. The prevalences of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance ranged from 3.3% and 2.6% in the 30-39 year age group to 21.7% and 11.3% in the 60-69 year age group, respectively. Obese subjects (BMI 30 kg/m 2 ) and those with a family history of diabetes (first-degree relatives) presented higher prevalences of diabetes (22.6% and 19.7%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS:The prevalence of diabetes in Ribeirão Preto was found to be comparable to that occurring in developed countries. With respect to the Brazilian Multicenter Study we verified an increased prevalence of diabetes but a similar prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance. These findings may reflect modifications in environmental factors and lifestyle that have been occurring in Brazilian cities like Ribeirão Preto, especially regarding increasing rates of sedentary living and obesity .

Relação entre conhecimento, atitude, escolaridade e tempo de doença em indivíduos com diabetes mellitus

“…Difficulties to exactly determine the duration of DM2 should be highlighted, due to the asymptomatic period preceding the diagnosis. Difficulties to specify the evolution time of the disease were also found in a prevalence study in Ribeirão Preto-SP, which showed that 25% of subjects with DM did not know their diagnosis (25) . Another prevalence study, developed seven years later in the same city, detected that 15% of subjects did not know the diagnosis (24) .…”

“…Studies appoint that, in the establishment of DM2 diagnoses, people already present some kind of complication (23)(24)(25) . Difficulties to exactly determine the duration of DM2 should be highlighted, due to the asymptomatic period preceding the diagnosis.…”

Comportamentos de risco para transtornos alimentares em adolescentes e adultos portadores de diabetes tipo 1

“…Encontrou-se uma prevalência de 12,1% de diabetes e de 7,7% de tolerância diminuída à glicose em indivíduos de 30 a 69 anos, ou seja, um aumento de 59% na prevalência de diabetes quando comparados com os resultados do EMPDB (TORQUATO et al, 2003).…”

Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2: caracterização da assistência à saúde, parâmetros clínicos e estado nutricional de idosos em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde, em dois períodos de acompanhamento

“…No município de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, um estudo que avaliou a prevalência de DM e tolerância diminuída à glicose, revelou que as taxas desta chegaram a 7,7%, enquanto as proporções de DM atingiram 12,1% da população, com percentuais semelhantes entre mulheres e homens (TORQUATO et al, 2003).…”

“…Os indivíduos obesos e com histórico familiar da doença apresentaram prevalências mais altas (22,6% e 19,7%, respectivamente) (TORQUATO et al, 2003).…”