Cell response of calcium phosphate based ceramics, a bone substitute material

Abstract

The aim of this study was to characterize calcium phosphate ceramics with different Ca/P ratios and evaluate cell response of these materials for use as a bone substitute. Bioceramics consisting of mixtures of hydroxyapatite (HAp) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) powders in different proportions were pressed and sintered. The physical and chemical properties of these bioceramics were then characterized. Characterization of the biological properties of these materials was based on analysis of cell response using cultured fibroblasts. The number of cells attached to the samples was counted from SEM images of samples exposed to cell culture solution for different periods. These data were compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA) complemented by the Tukey's test. The TCP sample had higher surface roughness and lower density. The adherence and growth of FMM1 cells on samples from all groups was studied. Even though the different calcium based ceramics exhibited properties which made them suitable as bone substitutes, those with higher levels of β-TCP revealed improved cell growth on their surfaces. These observations indicated two-phase calcium phosphate based materials with a β-TCP surface layer to be a promising bone substitute.

Microstructural, Surface Roughness and Wettability of Titanium Alloy Coated by Yzp-30wt. % Tio2 for Dental Application

“…The YZP/TiO2 coating exhibited a relatively less wettability but this surface was proper from the point of morphology. Previous studies [26,27] claimed that a good osseointegration requires a proper surface topography with micropores with high surface roughness to support the cell attachment. This suggests that instead of low wettability, the YZP/TiO2 ceramic coating demonstrated high roughness value, thus, beneficial for cell growth and attachment [16,18].…”

An Empirical Model Linking Physico-Chemical Biomaterial Characteristics to Intra-Oral Bone Formation

“…The influence of a biomaterial's surface roughness is a multi-faceted topic in which the topography, the chemistry, and the physics of the surface have attracted the most attention from researchers and manufacturers of alveolar bone biomaterials. The surface composition, purity, and roughness of the biomaterial seem to be critical to early successful material and tissue interactions affecting osteointegration and bone formation [15]. Although smooth surfaces are favorable in soft tissue engineering, both in terms of cell anchoring and growth [16], rougher surfaces have better outcomes in terms of bone deposition [15].…”

Hydroxyethyl Chitosan-Reinforced Polyvinyl Alcohol/Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Hydrogels for Bone Regeneration

“…Calcium phosphate (CaP) bioceramics have been widely used because of the excellent bioactivity, osteoconductivity, and compositional similarities to bone mineral. , Calcium phosphate (CaP) is resorbed in vivo and releases calcium and phosphate ions. These ions can regulate bone formation through osteoinduction. , Synthetic calcium phosphate-based ceramics mainly include biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), , hydroxyapatite (HA), and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). − BCP, as a mixture of HA and β-TCP, is considered a suitable material for making bone scaffolds because of its controllable degradation, allowing bone regeneration and growth. ,,, However, the inherent brittleness of the BCP-based scaffold limits its utilization, especially for load-bearing applications. , …”