High temperature corrosion in gasifiers

Bakker, W.T.

doi:10.1590/s1516-14392004000100009

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In atmospheres with low levels of chlorine reported from metal parts of the syngas cooler in coal fired gasifiers, stainless steels with at least 20 wt% chromium typically exhibit a mixed outer (Fe,Cr,Ni)S layer and an inner oxide layer with some sulphur content closest to the metal/scale interface [1]. Metal loss was reported to be below 0.1 mm/year at 300-400 8C [1]. In the present case, internal attack was observed, but the outer layer consisted of zinc sulphide, which is an important difference.…”

Section: Corrosion Performance and Comparison With Literature On Coalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion and deposit formation on four steels exposed in the syngas section after a biomass gasifier

Elger

Norling

Pettersson

2016

Materials & Corrosion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this work, three different stainless steels (304L , 253 MA®(CrNiSi-21-11), Kanthal® A-1 (FeCrAl)) and a reference low-alloyed ferritic steel (16Mo3 (Fe0.3Mo)) were exposed in a commercial biomass gasifier for three periods of 9 min, 580 and 1054 h in the temperature range 350-500 8C. Biomass is a fuel with generally higher amounts of chlorine and lower amounts of sulphur compared to coal and there is a current lack of data on materials performance in such environments. A high level of zinc sulphide was observed on the surfaces of all materials after exposure. It is argued that zinc plays a key role in capturing sulphur in this environment, thus preventing iron from sulphidation. Some incorporation of sulphur in the oxide scale was observed for Fe0.3Mo and CrNi-18-8. CrNiSi-21-11 showed some internal oxidation and pitting was observed for the FeCrAl material. All four materials showed acceptable performance with low total metal loss.

show abstract

Section: Corrosion Performance and Comparison With Literature On Coalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion and deposit formation on four steels exposed in the syngas section after a biomass gasifier

Elger

Norling

Pettersson

2016

Materials & Corrosion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These components not only form initial fouling layer, but also contribute to poisoning of COS-hydrolysis catalyst [14]. Besides chlorides, H2S formed from sulfur species during gasification is not only corrosive to syngas cooler [14,114] but can also contribute to the strengthening the deposit by reacting with very fine iron particles to form pyrrhotite [115].…”

Section: Foulingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review of Mineral Matter Related Issues during Gasification of Coal in Fixed, Fluidized, and Entrained Flow Gasifiers

Krishnamoorthy

Pisupati

2015

Energies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gasification of coal is gaining more popularity due to its clean operation, and its ability to generate products for various markets. However, these technologies are not widely commercialized due to reliability and economic issues. Mineral matter in coal plays an important role in affecting the availability/reliability of a gasifier. Agglomeration in the bed, slag mobility and blockage of the syngas exit section are some of the operations related concerns in fixed-bed gasifiers, while ash deposition and sudden defluidization are the major concerns in fluidized bed gasifiers. In the case of entrained flow gasifiers, syngas cooler fouling and blockage, corrosion and erosion of refractory, and slag mobility are some of the major issues affecting the operations and the reliability of the gasifier. This review is aimed at critically examining various mineral matter related issues contributing to the operation and reliability problems in three types of generic gasifiers (fixed bed, fluidized bed and entrained flow gasifiers). Based on the review, some strategies to counter the potential mineral matter related issues are presented.

show abstract

“…21,22 It was an unpleasant surprise, since the MPC autoclave tests had suggested that many materials would survive if the temperature was dropped to below 750uC. However, most of the early work in America and Europe seems not to have taken into account the fact that many coals contain significant amounts of chlorine.…”

Section: Superheater Materials For Igcc Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bakker points out that HCl could affect the corrosion rate directly by migrating down cracks in scales consisting of various Fe, Ni and Cr sulphides, which are themselves not very protective, then forming a layer of FeCl 2 at the interface. 21 As in waste incineration plants, Bakker considered that there was some potential for a reflux mechanism to build up the levels FeCl 2 in the scale. If liquid or vapour chloride migrates back outwards through the scale, steam could react with FeCl 2 , thereby increasing the local concentration of HCl and increasing the rate of attack.…”

Section: Superheater Materials For Igcc Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials challenges and gasifier choices in IGCC processes for clean and efficient energy conversion

Starr¹,

Cormoş

2011

Materials Research Innovations

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the 1970 and 1980s, gasifiers were envisaged for synthesising substitute natural gas (SNG) as well for IGCC (integrated gasification combined cycle) systems. Component temperatures were above 700uC, but stainless alloys did not have the required corrosion resistance. Experimental alloys developed in the UK were alumina formers, incorporating Ta, W, and Mo as gettering elements for sulphidation resistance. Sulphidation corrosion is solvable, but attack by HCl in gasification environments seems intractable. The supposed materials problems of gasification, plus the complexity of IGCC, have led to them being sidelined for power generation. However, commercial IGCC plants are not dependent on high temperature materials and offer higher efficiency than Rankine cycle steam. Best near term prospects for IGCC are for CO 2 capture, but this constrains the type of gasifier. Gasifiers incorporating carbon capture and storage produce hydrogen, or with less capture, SNG. Such systems will supply SNG for space heating as well as electricity, and can cope with the intermittency of wind energy. High efficiency IGCCs will need very advanced gas turbines with 100 bar, 1500-1600uC turbine inlet conditions. Key requirements will be thermal barrier coatings and catalytic combustor materials. Such gas turbines would offer efficiencies of 70% in straight CCGTs, or 50% when used in carbon capture IGCCs.

show abstract

High temperature corrosion in gasifiers

Cited by 28 publications

References 10 publications

Corrosion and deposit formation on four steels exposed in the syngas section after a biomass gasifier

Corrosion and deposit formation on four steels exposed in the syngas section after a biomass gasifier

A Critical Review of Mineral Matter Related Issues during Gasification of Coal in Fixed, Fluidized, and Entrained Flow Gasifiers

Materials challenges and gasifier choices in IGCC processes for clean and efficient energy conversion

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About