Reflexões sobre o uso do conceito de gênero e/ou sexo na epidemiologia: um exemplo nos modelos hierarquizados de análise

Olinto, Maria Teresa Anselmo

doi:10.1590/s1415-790x1998000200006

Cited by 25 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…According to Annandale and Hunt [21], this distinction was essential to make it clear that gender inequalities in health were, in the most part, socially produced, rather than biologically given. Olinto [22] also called attention to the operationalization of the gender category in epidemiological studies. Sex only means the genetic, anatomical, and physiological characterization of human beings.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Abdominal Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Abdominal Obesity

Olinto¹,

Theodoro²,

Canuto³

2017

Adiposity - Epidemiology and Treatment Modalities

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Abdominal obesity (AO) is associated with endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. AO is a multifactorial disorder arising from genetic, environmental, socioeconomic, and behavioral factors. Thus, in this chapter, we devote ourselves to the exercise of trying to explain the epidemiology of AO in adults. We showed the increasing prevalence of AO around the world, and a gender difference in this determination was observed. Among women, the population group who is the most affected by AO, a higher prevalence of AO is observed in individuals living in low-or middle-income countries (LMIC), who are older, multiparous, and in the menopausal transition, and who belong to the poorest strata and have lower educational level. While among men, the risk of AO is positively associated with socioeconomic status, particularly in LMIC. Regarding behavioral factors (eating frequency, sleep duration, physical activity, and smoking), gender differences are difficult to be detected due to the lack of studies investigating their association with AO according to sex. However, the current evidence suggests that men benefit more from consuming a greater number of meals a day and women are more affected by the harmful effects of physical inactivity. We argued AO, despite biological conditions associated with behavior factors, should be examined as an important issue of gender inequality in health, possibly mediated by socioeconomic and behavioral differences between men and women.

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Section: Prevalence Of Abdominal Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Abdominal Obesity

Olinto¹,

Theodoro²,

Canuto³

2017

Adiposity - Epidemiology and Treatment Modalities

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“…attitudes, feelings, values, behaviours, and activities) that, through a process of social construction, differentiate men and women. 10 Recent studies of OCD clinical samples suggest that gender moderates the genetic expression of this complex disorder, resulting in specific phenotypes. [11][12][13][14] The aim of this study was to conduct a two-decade conventional literature review of gender differences in demographic, clinical, and genetic aspects of OCD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a literature review

Mathis

Alvarenga

Funaro

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

145

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Introduction: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a heterogeneous condition, in which subtypes have been proposed. Previous studies suggested that gender plays a relevant role in OCD phenotypic expression. This study aimed to review the literature on gender differences in clinical, genetic or familial aspects of OCD. Method: A conventional review was conducted, including all papers that investigated demographic, clinical, and genetic aspects of OCD according to gender. The search was based on data available in Medline and PsycINFO databases in the last 20 years, using as keywords: obsessive-compulsive disorder; and: gender, sex, male, female, demographic characteristics, clinical features, clinical characteristics, genetic, genes, genetics gender OCD, genes OCD, genes OCD males, genes OCD females. Results: Sixty three of 487 phenotypical and genetics studies were selected. Most studies indicate that male patients are more likely than females to be single, present early onset of symptoms and chronic course of the disorder, greater social impairment, more sexual-religious and aggressive symptoms, and greater comorbidity with tic and substance use disorders. Female patients present more contamination/cleaning symptoms and greater comorbidity with eating and impulse-control disorders. Genetic and family studies are inconclusive, but suggest that gender may play a role in the disease expression. Conclusions: Gender is a relevant factor that should be taken into account when evaluating OCD patients. More studies are necessary to determine whether in fact it defines a homogeneous and particular group in OCD. ©2011 Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved. Gender differences in obsessive- DesCRIPToRs:Obsessive-compulsive disorder; Gender identity; Sex; Phenotype; Genetics. ReVIeW ARTICLe 391Gender differences in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a literature review Diferenças de gênero no transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo: uma revisão da literatura ResumoIntrodução: O transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo (TOC) é um quadro heterogêneo, no qual subtipos têm sido propostos. Estudos anteriores sugerem que gênero desempenha papel relevante na expressão fenotípica. O objetivo foi realizar uma revisão convencional da literatura sobre diferenças de gênero em relação a aspectos clínicos e genéticos ou familiares do TOC. Método: Realizou-se uma revisão convencional da literatura incluindo todos os artigos que investigaram aspectos sociodemográficos, clínicos e genéticos do TOC, de acordo com o gênero. A pesquisa foi baseada em publicações disponíveis nas bases de dados Medline e PsycInfo nos últimos 20 anos, usando como palavras-chave: obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), e: gender, sex, male, female, demographic characteristics, clinical features, clinical characteristics, genetic, genes, genetics gender OCD, genes OCD, genes OCD males, genes OCD females. Resultado: Sessenta e três artigos de fenótipo e genética foram selecionados. Na maioria dos estudos, o sexo masculino associou-se mais que o feminino com: ser solteiro, ap...

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“…Nesta investigação a maior parte dos candidatos era do sexo masculino (72,5%) e eram pessoas jovens (52,7%). Este predomínio pode estar refletindo a influência dos fatores sociais e demográficos nas diferentes oportunidades de inserção socioeconômica, onde jovens do sexo masculino podem ser mais motivados a obter a carteira de habilitação (11) . Em relação a discromatopsia, acredita-se que a baixa preva- …”

Section: Discussionunclassified

O perfil oftalmológico dos candidatos à carteira de motorista na cidade de Pelotas - RS

Duarte¹,

Duarte²,

Paranhos³

et al. 2002

Arq. Bras. Oftalmol.

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Objetivo: Estudar a acuidade visual dos candidatos a condutores de veículos da cidade de Pelotas e sua associação com as características sociodemográficas dos candidatos. Métodos: Foram examinados 1.010 candidatos a condutores em um serviço médico autorizado pelo Detran. Avaliou-se a acuidade visual, com e sem correção, bem como a sua relação com a visão de cores, sexo, idade e profissão dos entrevistados, por meio da análise de freqüências e de teste para associação. Resultados: Deste contingente 73,0% eram do sexo masculino, 65,0% tinham idade entre 18 e 45 anos, 51,4% ocupavam o setor de serviços e 25,0% utilizavam meio de correção visual. Sob o ponto de vista oftalmológico, 0,5% dos entrevistados não poderiam dirigir veículos automotores e 4,7% só poderiam obter habilitação para condução veicular, nas categorias A e B. Mostrou-se associada à acuidade visual baixa a maior longevidade. Conclusão: Baseado nos resultados, sugere-se menor intervalo de tempo para reavaliação visual dos motoristas das categorias C, D e E.

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Reflexões sobre o uso do conceito de gênero e/ou sexo na epidemiologia: um exemplo nos modelos hierarquizados de análise

Cited by 25 publications

References 9 publications

Epidemiology of Abdominal Obesity

Epidemiology of Abdominal Obesity

Gender differences in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a literature review

O perfil oftalmológico dos candidatos à carteira de motorista na cidade de Pelotas - RS

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