Genetic diversity of Hypostomus ancistroides (Teleostei, Loricariidae) from an urban stream

Abstract

In this study, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were applied to analyze the genetic diversity of samples of the Neotropical catfish Hypostomus ancistroides, collected from four sites (S1, S2, S3 and S4) along an urban stream in Southern Brazil. The 11 primers used in RAPD analysis amplified 147 loci, 76 (51.7%) of which were polymorphic. The proportions of polymorphic loci observed in the four samples were: 29.93% (S1), 31.97% (S2), 23.81% (S3) and 38.77% (S4). The average heterozygosity within sampling localities ranged from 0.1230 to 0.1526 and unbiased genetic distances ranged from 0.0253 to 0.0445. AMOVA partitioned 90.85% of the total variation within samples and 9.15% among samples. Excepting for the sample pair S1-S2 (φ ST = 0.02784; p > 0.05), all others pairwise φ ST values were significantly greater than zero, indicating moderate genetic differentiation among catfish samples from four localities. The relative low levels of genetic variation detected in all groups studied could be related to different factors, including the sedentary habit of these fish, which can be eroding the genetic variation of H. ancistroides from each locality.

Phylogeography of Hypostomus strigaticeps (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) inferred by mitochondrial DNA reveals its distribution in the upper Paraná River basin

“…Genetic studies on other species of the genus Hypostomus as H. ancistroides (Sofia et al, 2008;Endo et al, 2012), H. margaritifer (Zawadzki et al, 2002), and H. regani have also found moderate structured populations as we found in the H. strigaticeps populations analyzed. The hypothesis that H. strigaticeps is widely distributed in the Upper Parana River, is supported by the present data.…”

“…A molecular study on the genus was conducted by Montoya-Burgos (2003) inferring about the biogeographic patterns of genus Hypostomus showed that in the upper Paraná River basin the genus represent a polyphyletic group. More recent studies involving the genetic characterization of Hypostomus populations used RAPD by Sofia et al (2008) and Allozymes by Zawadzki et al (2008) were conducted and these studies show a great genetic variability in some species, however not mentioned any phylogenetic relationships.…”

Genetic diversity of Arapaima gigas (Schinz, 1822) (Osteoglossiformes: Arapaimidae) in the Araguaia-Tocantins basin estimated by ISSR marker

“…This indicates loss of genetic diversity, which is a consequence of inbreeding and reduced reproductive success, also resulting in the loss of the evolutionary potential of the species (Frankham et al, 2008). Other studies using ISSR markers in Neotropical fish stocks, such as species of the genus Cichla in the Amazon basin (Almeida-Ferreira et al, 2011) and Hypostomus ancistroides in the urban streams of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil (Sofia et al, 2008), also detected low genetic diversity. In the case of H. ancistroides, this may be related to the sedentary habits of the species, which reduces possibilities of gene flow between populations of different locations.…”

Genetic analysis of five sedentary fish species in middle Laranjinha River (upper Paraná River basin): A case study

“…In the present study, we found that the variance within populations was always greater than the variance between them (>96%; Table 2). Sofia et al (2008) studied the sedentary species Hypostomus ancistroides and their AMOVA analysis of PCR-RAPD marker data gave within and among population values of 90.85 and 9.15%, respectively. They also found molecular variance differences greater than 10% among contiguous sub-localities without physical barriers, agreeing with the high level of genetic structuring found for the same subpopulations (ϕ ST ≅ 0.10).…”