Atributos físicos de dois Latossolos afetados pela compactação do solo

Silva, Sérgio Ricardo; Barros, N. F. de; Costa, Liovando Marciano da

doi:10.1590/s1415-43662006000400009

Cited by 30 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Na tabela 4, observa-se a influencia dos sistemas de manejo sob a microporosidade do solo apenas para a camada superficial e no período de inverno. O incremento desse atributo do solo, quando submetido ao uso agrícola, tem sido relatado por vários autores, como resultado da compactação do solo, promovendo a transformação de parte dos macroporos em microporos (Silva et al, 2006;Oliveira et al, 2007).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Qualidade física de neossolo quartzarênico submetido a diferentes sistemas de uso agrícola

Sales¹,

Severiano

Oliveira

et al. 2010

Ciênc. agrotec.

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RESUMOApesar da existência de informações descritivas sobre solos arenosos das regiões tropicais, àquelas referentes ao manejo e conservação são escassas. No presente estudo, objetivou-se avaliar as alterações dos atributos físico-hídricos de um Neossolo Quartzarênico Órtico em função do uso e manejo com vistas à definição de sistemas de manejo sustentáveis. O estudo foi conduzido no município de Mineiros, GO, em áreas submetidas a cinco sistemas de uso e manejo do solo, sendo: Pastagem (PAS), Plantio direto de Soja (PDS) e de milho (PDM), Integração agricultura-pecuária (IAP) e cerrado nativo (CER). Coletaram-se cinco amostras por sistema nas camadas de 0 a 10 e 10 a 20 cm no inverno de 2005 e verão de 2006, para avaliação da densidade do solo, micro e macroporosidade e condutividade hidráulica do solo saturado. Os atributos físico-hídricos avaliados não variaram com a época de amostragem. Os valores de microporosidade indicam baixa retenção da água disponível às plantas. O uso agrícola do solo promoveu alterações em todos os atributos avaliados. A macroporosidade do solo foi o atributo mais sensível às alterações estruturais decorrentes do manejo, contudo, sem apresentar valores considerados limitantes ao crescimento das plantas. A redução da condutividade hidráulica do solo saturado em áreas de atividade antrópica comprometeu a qualidade do solo e pode afetar a recarga do lençol freático e aumentar o processo erosivo. A manutenção da cobertura vegetal do solo é considerada medida-chave para exploração agropecuária nessas áreas.Termos para indexação: Manejo de solos arenosos, plantio direto, integração lavoura pecuária, alterações estruturais do solo. ABSTRACTIn spite of the existence of descriptive information on sandy soils in tropical areas, information regarding management and conservation is scarce. The present study aimed at evaluating changes in the physical-hydric attributes of Orthic Quartzarenic Neosol resulting from use and management having in view the definition of sustainable management systems. The study was carried out in the municipal district of Mineiros, GO, in areas submitted to five systems of use and management of the soil: pasture (PAS), soybeans under no-till (PDS), corn under no-till (PDM), agriculture-livestock integration (IAP), and native savannah (NSAV). Five samples were collected per area, at the depths of 0-10 and 10-20 cm, in the winter of 2005 and in the summer of 2006, for evaluation of bulk density, micro and macroporosity, and saturated soil hydraulic conductivity. The physical-hydric attributes evaluated did not vary within the sampling period. Microporosity values indicate low retention of the water available to the plants. Agricultural land use of the soil promoted alterations in all the appraised attributes. The macroporosity of the soil was the attribute most sensitive to structural changes resulting from management, but it did not, however, present values considered limiting to plant growth. The reduction of saturated soil hydraulic conductivity in human activity area...

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Qualidade física de neossolo quartzarênico submetido a diferentes sistemas de uso agrícola

Sales¹,

Severiano

Oliveira

et al. 2010

Ciênc. agrotec.

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“…Overall, the soil total porosity reduced in the layer 0.00-0.30 m in the different areas evaluated after mechanized harvest of pine, with greater intensity in the low-and highdisturbance areas, which changed to a depth of 0.60 m. Some studies that evaluated the effects of forest harvesting on soil physical properties also reported a pore volume decrease after the machines' traffic (Lopes et al, 2006;Silva et al, 2006;Ampoorter et al, 2010). These changes modified other physical attributes, since the biopores and macropores volume and aeration capacity were lower in the different areas at post-harvest to a depth of 0.30 m and in the high-disturbance areas, up to 0.60 m. Dirksen (1991) describes biopores as the soil cavities caused by the presence of earthworms and termites and development of roots within the soil.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…One of the main effects of machinery traffic is the soil compaction process, which causes rearrangement of soil particles . Thus, there are losses to the soil and plants, such as the increase in soil density, penetration resistance, and pore volume of small diameters, and the decrease of total porosity, macropores, gas exchange, infiltration, water percolation, saturated hydraulic conductivity and water availability in the soil for plants (Fernandes and Souza, 2003;Reichert et al, 2003;Silva et al, 2006Silva et al, , 2007bJong van Lier, 2010;Lopes et al, 2011;Reichert et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pine Harvest Impact on Soil Structure of a Dystric Cambisol (Humic)

Costa

Albuquerque

Costa

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Traffic of heavy machinery at harvest and log extraction causes structural degradation of the soil, but studies on the effects of forest harvesting on soils with high organic matter content and exchangeable Al are scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of mechanized forest harvesting operations on a Dystric Cambisol (Humic) with high organic matter (more 50 g kg 1 ) content and exchangeable Al (more), reforested with Pinus taeda L. The evaluated harvesting system were the whole-tree, in which the feller-buncher cuts and lays the trees down in bundles; the skidder drags the tree bundles up near a road; and the harvester delimbs and cuts the trees into short logs, stacking them on the roadside to be loaded onto trucks. The areas were evaluated for soil conditions at pre-harvest, prior to harvest, and at post-harvest, consisting of areas of low disturbance, high disturbance, forest residues and log yards. The effects of compaction after forest harvesting are observed by the decrease in total porosity (especially biopores and macropores), soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, and stability of aggregates. After forest harvesting, soil compaction was observed in all evaluated situations, but with different depths depending on operation type and the intensity of traffic carried in each area.

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“…There been concerted efforts in the literature to investigate the effect of different land use system and management practices on soil physical, mechanical, hydrological and chemical and sometimes engineering properties (Silva et al, 2006;Dias Junior et al, 2007;Araujo Junior et al, 2008;Glab & Kulig, 2008). Most of these studies have been premised on the investigation of the indexes of structural sustainability or degradation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of these studies have been premised on the investigation of the indexes of structural sustainability or degradation. Some land use and soil management system have been reported to cause significant increase in bulk density and mechanical strength of soils (Taylor, 1971;Glab & Kulig, 2008;Abid & Lal, 2008;Severiano et al, 2008); decrease in total porosity, pore size and continuity of pores in soils (Glab & Kulig, 2008;Severiano et al, 2008), reduction in soil's nutrient absorption, infiltration and redistribution of water (Arvidsson, 2001;Ishaq et al, 2001;Lipiec et al, 2006), reduction of hydraulic conductivity (Arvidsson, 2001;Silva et al, 2006), reduction of gas exchange (Gysi, 2001) and increase in the soil's load bearing capacity and compactibility Silva et al, 2007;Araujo Junior et al, 2008;Dias Junior et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural sustainability of cambisol under different land use system

Martins¹,

Dias²,

Ajayi

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYIncongruous management techniques have been associated with some significant loss of agricultural land to degradation in many parts of the world. Land degradation results in the alteration of physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil, thereby posing a serious threat to sustainable agricultural development. In this study, our objective is to evaluate the changes in a Cambisol structure under six land use systems using the load bearing capacity model. Sampling was conducted in Amazonas Region, Brazil, in the following land use: a) young secondary forest; b) old secondary forest; c) forest; d) pasture; e) cropping, and f) agroforestry. To obtain the load bearing capacity models the undisturbed soil samples were collected in those land use systems and subjected to the uniaxial compression test. These models were used to evaluate which land use system preserved or degraded the Cambisol structure. The results of the bulk density and total porosity of the soil samples were not adequate to quantify structural degradation in Cambisol. Using the forest topsoil level (0-0.03 m) as a reference, it was observed that pasture land use system was most severe in the degradation of the soil structure while the structure were most preserved under old secondary forest, cropping system and forest. At the subsoil level (0.10-0.13 m depth), the soil structure was most degraded in the cropping land use system while it was most preserved in young secondary forest and pasture. At the 0.20-0.23 m depth, soil structure degradation was most severe in the old secondary forest system and well preserved in young secondary forest, cropping and agroforestry.Index terms: structure degradation, bulk density, precompression stress, Amazonas.(

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Atributos físicos de dois Latossolos afetados pela compactação do solo

Cited by 30 publications

References 16 publications

Qualidade física de neossolo quartzarênico submetido a diferentes sistemas de uso agrícola

Qualidade física de neossolo quartzarênico submetido a diferentes sistemas de uso agrícola

Pine Harvest Impact on Soil Structure of a Dystric Cambisol (Humic)

Structural sustainability of cambisol under different land use system

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