Representação social de enfermeiros de centros de atenção psicossocial em álcool e drogas (CAPS AD) sobre o dependente químico

Abstract

Estudo exploratório de abordagem qualitativa que objetivou identificar as representações sociais de enfermeiros de serviços especializados em álcool e outras drogas sobre o dependente químico. Os sujeitos foram 16 enfermeiros de 13 serviços localizados na cidade de São Paulo-SP. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas as quais foram gravadas e analisadas de acordo com o referencial da Teoria de Representações Sociais. Os resultados evidenciaram que, na representação dos enfermeiros, os dependentes químicos são indivíduos acometidos por uma doença, que têm dificuldade de limites, são manipuladores e responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento da dependência. Conclui-se que as representações desses profissionais são calcadas no senso comum, e apontam-se estratégias para o enfrentamento dessa problemática e a mudança dessas representações. Abstract ResumenQualitative exploratory study aimed to identify the social representations of nurses from specialist services in alcohol and other drugs compared to the addicts. The subjects were 16 nurses from 13 offices located in the city of São Paulo-SP. Data were collected through interviews which were recorded and analyzed according to the referential theory of social representations. The results showed that, in the nurses' representation, addicts are individuals suffering from a disease that has difficulty limits, and handlers are responsible for the development of dependence. We conclude that the representations of these professionals are sidewalks on common sense and point to strategies to face this problem and change these representations. K K K K Ke e e e eyw yw yw yw ywor or or

Therapeutic help to individuals using and abusing of psychoactive substances

“…The highest prevalence of drug use in this study was among males, supported by other studies (10)(11)(12)(13)(14) . However, the problem should not be neglected without covering the female, that is, although the higher prevalence reaches men, women show an increase in rates of alcohol and other drug use, a cause of concern for researchers who study the pattern of female consumption of psychoactive substances (10,(12)(13)15) .…”

“…In other realities, the demand for treatment occurs in Psychosocial Care Centers of Alcohol and Drugs; institutions specialized in the care of alcohol dependence and other drugs (14)(15) . These health action services are public and target practices guided by harm reduction policies, which aim to reduce the harmful effects of psychoactive substance use among users.…”

“…Considering the professionals in the study sites and their positive or negative influences on the process of rehabilitation of the individuals, a multidisciplinary team was observed, emphasizing the pharmacist, the doctor and the monitor. This data can be understood when in the literature the multidisciplinary team is part of the rehabilitation treatment of patients (14)(15)18) . It is worth emphasizing that these professionals should stimulate the construction of an expanded view of the complexity of alcohol and other drug abuse and, consequently, a higher quality of healthcare (14)(15) .…”

Discourse of psychoactive substance dependents on their discursively constructed image

“…Most studies that address social representations of chemical dependence as a disease highlight psychoactive substances as the main cause (5,(18)(19) . Hence, the goal of treatment is total abstinence.…”

Centro de Atenção Psicossocial de álcool e outras drogas: práticas desenvolvidas pelos profissionais de saúde

“…Estudos têm abordado a inserção e as práticas da equipe de saúde, e dos papeis executados pelos profissionais, como o enfermeiro e o psicólogo âmbito dos serviços substitutivos de saúde mental, evidenciando que, para sua atuação tem sido exigido um novo saber, construído a partir da prática interdisciplinar, o que tem contribuído para torná-lo um profissional mais autônomo, porém requer qualificação, uma vez que, se antes suas funções eram precisas e bem definidas, a inserção de novos modelos de atendimento, exige dele, responsabilidades inexploradas e pouco precisas (Vargas, Oliveira & Duarte, 2011); (Vargas, Bittencourt, Rocha & Oliveira, 2013).…”