Da Seguridade Social à intersetorialidade: reflexões sobre a integração das políticas sociais no Brasil

Abstract

Neste artigo reflete-se sobre os dilemas da integração das políticas sociais no Brasil desde a inscrição da Seguridade Social na Carta Constitucional de 1988 até a tematização mais recente acerca da intersetorialidade. Constrói-se a análise, sobretudo, a partir das trajetórias das políticas de saúde e assistência social, haja vista que os legados institucionais e a história de formação dessas áreas fornecem uma base de argumentação fecunda para o estudo aqui proposto. Demonstra-se que o processo de implementação da Seguridade Social esbarra em obstáculos de ordem política e econômica que dificultam a promessa integradora proposta. Ademais, observa-se que o modelo descentralizado, sob o qual operam as políticas sociais, em especial as de saúde e assistência social, recoloca a necessidade de sinergia intersetorial para enfrentar a complexidade dos problemas sociais. Por fim, busca-se destacar os principais desafios à integração das políticas sociais, sinalizando tratar-se de tarefa nada trivial.

Access, equity and social cohesion: evaluation of intersectoral strategies for people experiencing homelessness

“…The Social Service professionals, which have the social demands as object of intervention added to those of other sectors (9) , find themselves forced to perform the user embracement indiscriminately and in isolation, as this remains the only possible alternative to assist the homeless, including those with SMI.…”

“…The intersectoral integration is a central element in the reform of the Brazilian social protection system, which is considered critical to the success of assistance to people experiencing homelessness, and recurrent in the history of approach plans to this clientele (9) . It is also a consensus that guides discussions and at the same time, a major challenge to be implemented into the operational plan.…”

“…The joining of different sectors of the state to address a social problem requires that the object is recreated from this new and multiple perspective when the objective is to develop integrated actions (10) . The intersectionality requires connections between sectors and agencies (governmental or otherwise) to solve social problems of great complexity (9)(10) . This concept gained visibility in the 1970s, from the debates on health promotion, when various sectors were made responsible for the pursuit of equity (10) .…”

“…This concept gained visibility in the 1970s, from the debates on health promotion, when various sectors were made responsible for the pursuit of equity (10) . However, there are difficulties in establishing intersectoral actions, including among Ministries responsible for Social Security (9) .…”

O conceito “Intersetorialidade”: contribuições ao debate a partir do Programa Lazer e Saúde da Prefeitura de Santo André/SP

“…International movements such as "Promoting Health" and "Healthy Cities", 5 the logic of which necessarily incorporate intersectorial actions are becoming increasingly central o the county's health care sector (Monnerat and Souza, 2011). …”