Risk of coronary artery disease in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus

Abstract

There is a high prevalence of risk factors for CAD in the studied population, with dyslipidemia being the most frequent. HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides were the most frequently altered factors and were associated with the use of protease inhibitors. Risk assessed by the FRS was low in most cases. CACS > 0 was found in 32.5%, demonstrating the need to re-evaluate the strategies for assessing cardiovascular risk in the HIV-infected population.

Prevalence of Selected Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Their Associated Factors among People Living with HIV/AIDS in India

“…Globally, studies have reported varying prevalence of obesity among adult PLHIV, ranging from 6.8% to 34%. [ 6 7 8 9 ] However, a study conducted in South India (Vellore) reported a prevalence similar (23.6%) to the current study. [ 10 ] Prevalence of abdominal obesity found in our study was also similar to the study conducted in Vellore.…”

“…Increased prevalence of co-existing cardiovascular risk factors in HIV patients like tobacco or alcohol use might also be an important reason. [ 6 7 8 ] An increased incidence of myocardial infarction has also been observed in persons with HIV. [ 9 ] Hence, ART might need to be tweaked depending on the metabolic profile of the patients.…”

Myocardial ischemia and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in HIV infected patients and asymptomatic for coronary artery disease

“…Literature really points to the fact such behavior is due to HIV infection and its treatment -ART use (Koenig, 2017;Lang et al, 2015;Vilela et al, 2011)-, with inflammation and immunological activation widely proven as HIV infection part, contributing to CAD emergence (Boettiger et al, 2020;Freiberg et al, 2013;Vachiat et al, 2017). In fact, a large cohort found a strong association of HIV-positive individuals along increased risk of MI, regardless of traditional risk factors (Katoto et al, 2018;Silverberg et al, 2014).…”