Diagnosis and quantitative detection of HSV DNA in samples from patients with suspected herpes simplex encephalitis

Ziyaeyan, Mazyar; Alborzi, Abdolvahab; Haghighi, Afshin Borhani; Jamalidoust, Marzieh; Moeini, Mahsa; Pourabbas, Bahman

doi:10.1590/s1413-86702011000300005

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Consistent with our study findings, other studies in Iran by Ghannad et al (2013) and Ziyaeyan et al (2011) reported that HSV was detected in 15% and 9.3% of the patients with encephalitis, respectively (17,18). However, HSV was detected in 92% and 30% of patients in studies in Spain and the Middle East, respectively (17).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Previous studies showed that there is direct correlation between encephalitis and HSV infection and the diagnosis of HSE by PCR method can reduce the negative results in comparison to imaging finding. Although, DNA viral load of HSV in the early stage of infection can lead to outcome of patients but the most previous papers on HSE showed no association between the initial load of HSV DNA in CSF and the respective outcomes (18). In this study, CSF samples from 152 patients with neurological signs were tested to determine the correlation between encephalitis and the presence of HSV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…PCR has been used to detect HSV DNA in the CSF of patients with "atypical" clinical syndromes. Bell's palsy (18,19), cluster headaches (20, 21), migraines (22), and even common recurrent headaches (23) have been suggested to have HSV infection or reactivation as a cause. PCR-based detection may identify those patients who could benefit from antiviral therapy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus Infection in Cerebrospinal Fluid

Ramroodi¹,

Kardi²,

Bouzari³

et al. 2016

mljgoums

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Background and Objective: Herpes simplex encephalitis is a life-threatening consequence of the central nervous system (CNS) infection with Herpes simplex virus (HSV). Although it is a rare disease, mortality rates reach 70% in the absence of therapy and only a minority of individuals can return to normal function. The aim of this study was to determine possible correlation between HSV infection and the incidence of encephalitis in patients with neurological signs.Methods: Overall, 152 CSF samples were tested from patients with neurological signs referred to Mahdieh Clinical Laboratory in Isfahan from 2010 to 2013. After cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection, DNA was extracted and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed for HSV detection.Results: Of 152 patients tested, 50 were diagnosed with encephalitis. HSV DNA was present in the CSF of 13 patients with encephalitis. HSV was significantly higher (p< 0.05) in patients with encephalitis, which shows the significance of infection as an etiological factor of this disease. About 60% of the encephalitis cases were in age range of 1-24 months.Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study, Cesarean section is recommended for HSV-positive mothers. A routine real-time PCR test is suggested for HSV detection in patients with encephalitis to avoid unnecessary antiviral treatments.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus Infection in Cerebrospinal Fluid

Ramroodi¹,

Kardi²,

Bouzari³

et al. 2016

mljgoums

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“…Since the identification of HSV-I in the early period of the disease is an ongoing problem, the test should be repeated after 3-7 days in cases with negative results [1]. Studies searching for the association between HSV-DNA load and disease prognosis haven't revealed consistent results hitherto; hence, further studies are needed [8]. Isolation of the virus in cell culture is also possible, but methods sensitivity is quite low and is not invoked in clinical practice widely.…”

Section: Csf Findings In Viral Encephalitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal Fluid Abnormalities in Viral Encephalitis

Ekmekçi¹,

Ege²,

Öztürk³

2013

Encephalitis

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“…However, an FDA-approved assay for HSV detection in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was recently validated for clinical use (13,14). As low viral loads (Ͻ500 copies/ml) are not infrequent in CSF of patients suffering encephalitis associated with HSV (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), it was recommended to reach a sensitivity of at least 200 copies/ml for the detection of this agent in CSF (21). The same need for sensitive tests is found with encephalitis associated with VZV (15,22).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of a Laboratory-Developed Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assay on the BD Max System for Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus and Varicella-Zoster Virus DNA in Various Clinical Specimens

et al. 2015

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A multiplex real-time PCR (quantitative PCR [qPCR]) assay detecting herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV)DNAH erpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and -2, respectively) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) are human double-stranded DNA viruses belonging to the Herpesviridae family. In immunocompetent hosts, benign vesicular eruption of the skin and mucosa occurs during either the primary infection or reactivation episodes (1). However, life-threatening manifestations, mainly related to virus neurovirulence, can be observed (2), HSV-1 and VZV being the first and second most common causes of viral encephalitis, respectively (3, 4). These viruses are associated with mortality and morbidity, especially when treatment with acyclovir is delayed (5). HSV-2 is more likely responsible for meningitis (1). HSV-2 and VZV are also implicated in neonatal infections (1,6,7).Due to similarities in the clinical presentations of the diseases caused by these 3 herpesviruses and other pathogens, virological testing is often needed. Accurate and specific diagnosis is of special importance in cases of severe infection or in infection occurring in immunosuppressed patients who can present atypical clinical pictures (8). In replacement of cell culture and immune detection of viral antigens, molecular assays are currently the main tool used for the virological diagnosis of infections related to HSV and VZV. This trend is due to the multiple advantages of nucleic acid testing (NAT), including the rapid availability of results, its adaptation to a wide diversity of clinical specimens, the capacity for automation, and, mostly, its high sensitivity and specificity. Several FDA-approved or CE-marked in vitro diagnostic (IVD) kits are available for detecting these viruses in various specimens (9-11). However, all of them propose separate detection for HSV and VZV DNA, and only a few multiplex assays including both agents have been published as laboratory-developed tests (LDTs) (10, 12).Although detection of viral DNA is the gold standard for the virological diagnosis of neurological severe infections (3), to date, no commercial fully automated PCR assay detecting both HSV and VZV is available. However, an FDA-approved assay for HSV detection in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was recently validated for clinical use (13,14). As low viral loads (Ͻ500 copies/ml) are not infrequent in CSF of patients suffering encephalitis associated with , it was recommended to reach a sensitivity of at least 200 copies/ml for the detection of this agent in CSF (21). The same need for sensitive tests is found with encephalitis associated with VZV (15, 22). The recently commercialized BD Max system (Becton Dickinson, Pont-de-Claix, France) combines the extraction and amplification steps on the same instrument, shortening the hands-on time and allowing its use in emergency molecular diagnostic testing. Dedicated analyte kits (23-26) but also master mix from other companies (27) and laboratory-developed methods (28) can be

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Diagnosis and quantitative detection of HSV DNA in samples from patients with suspected herpes simplex encephalitis

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus Infection in Cerebrospinal Fluid

Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus Infection in Cerebrospinal Fluid

Cerebrospinal Fluid Abnormalities in Viral Encephalitis

Development and Validation of a Laboratory-Developed Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assay on the BD Max System for Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus and Varicella-Zoster Virus DNA in Various Clinical Specimens

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