Hepatitis C as a risk factor for diabetes type 2: lack of evidence in a hospital in central-west Brazil

Costa, Luce Marina Freires Correa da; Mussi, Aparecida Duarte Hg; Brianeze, Marylina Rodrigues; Souto, Francisco José Dutra

doi:10.1590/s1413-86702008000100007

Cited by 24 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…However, there was no significant difference between diabetic and non-diabetic cases regarding gender which was similar to other studies [24,33]. Persons with type 2 DM tended to have lower educational attainment [38]. This is in concordance with our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Association of HCV with diabetes mellitus: an Egyptian case-control study

Elhawary

Mahmoud

El-Daly

et al. 2011

Virol J

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BackgroundThe highest Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) prevalence in the world occurs in Egypt. Several studies from different parts of the world have found that 13% to 33% of patients with chronic HCV have associated diabetes, mostly type II Diabetes Mellitus (DM). In Egypt the prevalence of DM is 25.4% among HCV patients. Therefore, it is important to identify the magnitude of the problem of diabetes in order to optimize the treatment of chronic hepatitis C.MethodsThe objective of this case-control study was to evaluate the prevalence of DM and other extrahepatic (EH) manifestations among patients with different HCV morbidity stages including asymptomatic, chronic hepatic and cirrhotic patients. In this study, 289 HCV patients older than 18 were selected as cases. Also, 289 healthy controls were included. Laboratory investigations including Liver Function tests (LFT) and blood glucose level were done. Also serological assays including cryoglobulin profile, rheumatoid factor, antinuclear antibody, HCV-PCR were performed.ResultsOut of 289 HCV cases, 40 (13.84%) were diabetic. Out of 289 healthy controls, 12 (4.15%) were diabetic. It was found that the diabetic HCV group mean age was [48.1 (± 9.2)]. Males and urbanians represented 72.5% and 85% respectively. Lower level of education was manifested in 52.5% and 87.5% were married. In the nondiabetic HCV group mean age was [40.7 (± 10.4)]. Males and urbanians represented 71.5% and 655% respectively. secondary and higher level of education was attained in 55.4% and 76.7% were married. Comparing between the diabetic HCV group and the non diabetic HCV group, age, residence and alcohol drinking were the only significant factors affecting the incidence of diabetes between the two groups. There was no significant difference regarding sonar findings although cirrhosis was more prevalent among diabetic HCV cases and the fibrosis score was higher in diabetic HCV patients than among the non diabetic HCV cases.ConclusionThe diabetic patients in the HCV group were older, more likely to have a history of alcohol drinking than the non diabetic HCV cases. Age and alcohol drinking are factors that could potentially contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes. Logistic regression analyses showed that age and residence in urban regions were the predictive variables that could be associated with the presence of diabetes. Alcohol consumption was not a significant predictive factor.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Association of HCV with diabetes mellitus: an Egyptian case-control study

Elhawary

Mahmoud

El-Daly

et al. 2011

Virol J

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“…Different from LICs, higher education level has been associated with decreased odds of DM among Mauritian Indians23 and people in Lithuania 24. Even accounting for BMI, such negative education–DM association was found in studies done in Brazil25 and China 26. LICs and MICs are undergoing rapid transition of dietary patterns and physical activity levels,27 and the burden of obesity shifts towards the poor as these countries go through rapid social and economic development 10.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Global educational disparities in the associations between body mass index and diabetes mellitus in 49 low-income and middle-income countries

Wang

Stronks

Arah³

2014

J Epidemiol Community Health

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“…A recent systematic review [40] on the association of socioeconomic status (measured separately as level of education, occupation, or income), with incident diabetes, indicated little consistency across studies between improved socioeconomic status and incident diabetes. All but three studies, however, came from developed countries, two were from middle income countries (one country was Brazil [41], where an association between income and incident diabetes was found), and one was a low income country. Diabetes may be sensitive to the socioeconomic status measure used, but there may be alternative explanations, including a stronger genetic component than for some of the other health conditions examined, lack of recognition of the disease, and absence of seeking medical treatment for it within the past 6 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Health and Income in the Elderly: Experience from a Southern State of Brazil

et al. 2013

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ObjectivesIn high income, developed countries, health status tends to improve as income increases, but primarily through the 50th-66th percentile of income. It is unclear whether the same limitation holds in middle income countries, and for both general assessments of health and specific conditions.MethodsData were obtained from Brazil, a middle income country. In-person interviews with a representative sample of community residents age ≥60 (N=6963), in the southern state of Rio Grande do Sul, obtained information on demographic characteristics including household income and number of persons supported, general health status (self-rated health, functional status), depression, and seven physician-diagnosed, self-reported health conditions. Analyses used household income (adjusted for number supported and economies of scale) together with higher order income terms, and controlled for demographics and comorbidities, to ascertain nonlinearity between income and general and specific health measures.ResultsIn fully controlled analyses income was associated with general measures of health (linearly with self-rated health, nonlinearly with functional status). For specific health measures there was a consistent linear association with depression, pulmonary disorders, renal disorders, and sensory impairment. For musculoskeletal, cardiovascular (negative association), and gastrointestinal disorders this association no longer held when comorbidities were controlled. There was no association with diabetes.ConclusionContrary to findings in high income countries, the association of household-size-adjusted income with health was generally linear, sometimes negative, and sometimes absent when comorbidities were controlled.

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Hepatitis C as a risk factor for diabetes type 2: lack of evidence in a hospital in central-west Brazil

Cited by 24 publications

References 13 publications

Association of HCV with diabetes mellitus: an Egyptian case-control study

Association of HCV with diabetes mellitus: an Egyptian case-control study

Global educational disparities in the associations between body mass index and diabetes mellitus in 49 low-income and middle-income countries

The Association of Health and Income in the Elderly: Experience from a Southern State of Brazil

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