High prevalence of hepatitis C infection in a Brazilian prison: identification of risk factors for infection

Guimarães, Thaís; Granato, Celso; Varella, Drauzio; Ferraz, Maria Lúcia Gomes; Castelo, Adauto; Kallás, Esper G.

doi:10.1590/s1413-86702001000300002

Cited by 48 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…These characteristics, together with the condition of being incarcerated in crowded conditions, have resulted in an elevated prevalence of viral hepatitis infection [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. It was estimated that, in the prison population in Spain, the prevalence of HCV infection was between 38.2 and 48% [10][11][12][13] and that of VHB surface antigen (HBsAg) was approximately 3.8% [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C and B prevalence in Spanish prisons

Hoya¹,

Marco²,

García-Guerrero³

et al. 2011

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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Purpose: The Prevalhep study seeks to determine the prevalence of factors associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and B (HBV) in Spanish prisoners Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study which randomly selected 18 Spanish prisons to participate, and with 21 prisoners/CentreResults: There were 378 prisoners selected, 370 of whom had serological HCV and 342 had VHB data. The HCV population were predominantly male (91.6%), of middle age (66.7% contact status with HBV (HBcAb+ and/or HBsAg+), while 37.5% were susceptible to HB. Conclusions:The prevalence of HBV and HCV has decreased in the Spanish prison population, probably as a result of decrease in IDU transmission, and an increase in immigrant prisoner population that does not have this risk behaviour.[Word count = 198]

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C and B prevalence in Spanish prisons

Hoya¹,

Marco²,

García-Guerrero³

et al. 2011

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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“…Estudios previos señalan el uso de drogas intravenosas como factor determinante en la adquisición de la infección por el virus de la hepatitis C en instituciones carcelarias (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17) Prevalencia de hepatitis C en reclusos tamaño de la muestra estudiada no se puede descartar que los hábitos sexuales y el uso de tatuajes jueguen un papel en la transmisión de la infección en la cárcel de Sabaneta, Maracaibo.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…En centros penitenciarios, la mayoría de los prisioneros presentan conductas de alto riesgo para infecciones de transmisión parenteral y sexual, y algunas de ellas propician la adquisición de la infección por el virus de la hepatitis C. Estudios realizados en estas poblaciones indican que el principal factor de riesgo, es el uso de drogas intravenosas (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17).…”

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Baja prevalencia de la infección por el virus de la hepatitis C en una población de reclusos, Maracaibo, Venezuela

et al. 2009

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Introducción. Las conductas de alto riesgo presentes en los centros de reclusión incrementan la probabilidad de transmisión de la infección por el virus de la hepatitis C. En Venezuela no se han realizado estudios del virus en estos centros, por lo que se desconoce la relevancia de la infección en ellos. Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia del virus de la hepatitis C y los posibles factores de riesgos involucrados en la transmisión del virus en reclusos de la cárcel de Sabaneta, Maracaibo, Venezuela. Material y métodos. Se seleccionó una población de 200 reclusos de un total de 1.000.Las edades estaban comprendidas entre 18 y 69 años (media ± DE: 31,62 ± 9,93 años). La detección de anticuerpos contra el virus de la hepatitis C se realizó por duplicado mediante el método inmunoenzimático ELISA de IV generación y por el método de inmunoblot INNO-LIA HCV®, ambos de Innogenetic Lab (Bélgica). El ARN viral se detectó por la técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa, previa transcripción inversa, RT-PCR. Resultados. La frecuencia obtenida con el método ELISA fue de 5% (10/200) y 3/200 (1,5%) individuos fueron positivos, a la vez, con los métodos de INNO-LIA y RT-PCR. Conclusiones. La prevalencia de la infección por el virus de la hepatitis C en esta población fue baja, lo que evidencia la baja circulación del virus en el reclusorio. El principal factor de riesgo para la adquisición de la infección, al parecer, es el uso de drogas intravenosas.Palabras clave: hepatitis C, prevalencia, prisioneros, Venezuela. Low prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in a prisoner population from Maracaibo, VenezuelaIntroduction. The high risk behaviors observed in prison centers have favored the transmission of hepatitis C virus infection. The main risk factor to acquire hepatitis C virus infection seems to be the use of intravenous drugs. In Venezuela, the prevalence of the infection in these centers is unknown since studies of the hepatitis C virus there are lacking. Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis C virus and the risk factors involved in the transmission in prisoner populations. Material and methods. A sample of 200 prisoners was studied from Sabaneta Jail, Maracaibo, Venezuela. The ages were between 18-69 years (average ± DS: 31.6±9.9 years). Serum samples were tested by a fourth generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ELISA and a confirmatory assay INNO-LIA. Both kits were from Innogenetic Laboratories N.V. (Belgium). Viral RNA was tested by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction technique (RT-PCR). Results. The ELISA assay determined a hepatitis C virus prevalence of 5.0% (10/200); 3/200 (1.5%) individuals were positive by both INNO-LIA and RT-PCR tests.

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“…Coinfection with the two viruses (HCV/HIV) is associated with an accelerated course of hepatitis C disease [5][6][7]. Prison populations constitute a very high-risk group; they have high levels of HCV infection and HIV or HBV coinfection [11,12]. HCV positive inmates are at exceptional risk for coinfection with HIV because of the association of injectable substance abuse [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mathematical Model for Assessing the Impact of Intravenous Drug Misuse on the Dynamics of HIV and HCV within Correctional Institutions

Mushayabasa

Bhunu

Stewart

2012

ISRN Biomathematics

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Unsafe injecting practices, blood exchange, the use of nonsterile needles, and other cutting instruments for tattooing are common in correctional institutions, resulting in a number of blood transmitted infections. A mathematical model for assessing the dynamics of HCV and HIV coinfection within correctional institutions is proposed and comprehensively analyzed. The HCVonly and HIV-only submodels are first considered. Analytical expressions for the threshold parameter in each submodel and the cointeraction are derived. Global dynamics of this coinfection shows that whenever the threshold parameter for the respective submodels and the coinfection model is less than unity, then the epidemics die out, the reverse condition implies disease persistence within correctional institutions. Numerical simulations using a set of plausible parameter values are provided to support analytical findings.

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High prevalence of hepatitis C infection in a Brazilian prison: identification of risk factors for infection

Cited by 48 publications

References 15 publications

Hepatitis C and B prevalence in Spanish prisons

Hepatitis C and B prevalence in Spanish prisons

Baja prevalencia de la infección por el virus de la hepatitis C en una población de reclusos, Maracaibo, Venezuela

A Mathematical Model for Assessing the Impact of Intravenous Drug Misuse on the Dynamics of HIV and HCV within Correctional Institutions

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